Environment: milieu / climate zone / distribuzione batimetrica / distribution range
Ecologia
marino demersale; distribuzione batimetrica 9 - 547 m (Ref. 27437), usually 183 - ? m (Ref. 6885). Subtropical; 61°N - 27°N, 145°W - 113°W
Eastern Pacific: Yakutat Bay, Alaska to Rompiente Point, Baja California, Mexico.
Length at first maturity / Size / Peso / Age
Maturità: Lm 17.0, range 17 - ? cm
Max length : 38.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 5483); Età massima riportata: 38 anni (Ref. 39277)
Short description
Chiavi di identificazione | Morfologia | Morfometria
Spine dorsali (totale) : 13; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 12 - 14; Spine anali: 3; Raggi anali molli: 5 - 8. Head spines strong to moderate - nasal, preocular, postocular, tympanic and parietal spines present, nuchals usually absent, supraocular and coronal spines absent (Ref. 27437). Eye large; 2 strong, sharp, hooked spines on lower margin of suborbital bone; 2nd anal fin spine longer than 3rd in depressed fin (Ref. 27437). Caudal fin moderately indented (Ref. 6885). Pinkish red to yellowish red, silvery ventrally; dusky saddles on back, may be vague; green streaks on caudal fin (Ref. 27437).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Mostly found in offshore water on soft bottoms (Ref. 2850). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 6885). Anterolateral glandular grooves with venom gland (Ref. 57406). Commonly caught with trawls but usually discarded because of its small size (Ref. 2850). Rarely taken on baited hook in deep water (Ref. 2850).
Ovoviviparous (Ref. 6885).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Human uses
Pesca: commerciale; Pesce da pesca sportiva: si
Strumenti
Special reports
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Fonti Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Fonte Biblio.
123201): 5.9 - 8.3, mean 6.5 °C (based on 19 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Fonte Biblio.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00495 - 0.02022), b=3.09 (2.92 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Fonte Biblio.
69278): 3.7 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio.
120179): Basso, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 4.5 - 14 anni (K=0.06; tm=4; tmax=38; Fec=15,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100).
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