分类 / 名称
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Teleostei >
Beloniformes (Needle fishes)
頜針魚目 (Needle fishes) >
Belonidae (Needlefishes)
頜針魚科 (Needlefishes)
Etymology: Tylosurus: Greek, tylos = callus + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Lacepède.
Taxonomic Remarks
The 3 subspecies were upraised at species rank, as provisionally accepted names, , until more works are conducted on T. acus susbepcies to fix their status.
环境:氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 0 - ? m. 亞熱帶的; 43°N - , 98°W - 36°E
Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA to Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: off Morocco and the Mediterranean (Ref. 5505).
西大西洋: 美國麻薩諸塞州到巴西。 東大西洋: 外海的摩洛哥與地中海.(參考文獻 5505)
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm 47.3, range 45 - 50 cm
Max length : 153 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 26340); common length : 90.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3129); 最大体重: 3.7 kg (Ref. 4699)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 20 - 27; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 20 - 24; 脊椎骨: 90 - 95. Diagnosis: body elongate; upper and lower jaws extremely long, forming a stout beak armed with very sharp teeth; gill rakers absent (Ref. 57228, 90102). Nostrils in depression before eyes (nasal pit); pelvic fins abdominal; 20-26 dorsal-fin rays; anal fin short, 9.7-11.7 times in body length; small, black lateral keel on either sides of caudal peduncle; caudal fin deeply forked (Ref. 57228).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: circular.
Inhabits oceanic and neritic waters (Ref. 26340). Feeds on small fishes. Oviparous (Ref. 205). Eggs may be found attached to objects in the water by tendrils on the egg's surface (Ref. 205). Although sold fresh and salted, its market is limited due to the green-colored flesh (Ref. 5217). Circumglobal in tropical seas and divisible into four subspecies (Ref 90102).
栖息于大洋性而浅海的水域。 (参考文献 26340) 吃小鱼。 卵生的.(参考文献 205) 卵可能被发现于在卵的表面上的卷须水依附于目标。 (参考文献 205) 虽然卖新鲜而盐腌的, 它的市场是有限公司由于绿色的肉.(参考文献 5217)
生命周期和交配行为
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 美國麻薩諸塞州到巴西。 東大西洋: 外海的摩洛哥與地中海.(參考文獻 5505)
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
基于模型的估算
首选温度 (参考文献
123201): 20 - 28.5, mean 26.5 °C (based on 1282 cells).
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00093 (0.00049 - 0.00177), b=3.10 (2.94 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 4.5 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
渔业脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
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营养素 (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 33 [8, 135] mg/100g; Iron = 0.498 [0.212, 1.475] mg/100g; Protein = 17.2 [14.4, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.16 [0.06, 0.47] g/100g; Selenium = 16.9 [6.9, 46.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 102 [14, 608] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.447 [0.259, 0.773] mg/100g (wet weight);