Environment: milieu / climate zone / نطاق العمق / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; المياه العذبة; مياه مخلوطة القاع; pH range: 7.0 - ? ; dH range: 20 - ?; مهاجرة بين الياه الملحه و الحلوة لكن ليس للتزاوج (Ref. 51243). Subtropical; 16°C - 20°C (Ref. 2060); 54°N - 7°N, 106°E - 145°E
Asia: river basin of the seas of Japan, Okhotsk, the Pacific coasts of Japan,Hokkaido, Ryukyu, Taiwan, rivers of Korea, continental China and the Philippines (Ref. 26334); Viet Nam (Ref. 89724). Introduced to the USA (Washington, Columbia and Portland, Oregon) (Ref. 92840).
الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 5.8 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 116937); common length : 4.5 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 50519)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 7; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 8; شوكة شرجية: 1; أشعه شرجية لينه: 8; فقرات: 26. This species is distinguished from its congeners by the following set of characters: D2 I,8; A I,8; pectoral-fin rays fin rays 36-40 (modally 19); longitudinal scale rows 32-35; transverse scale rows 9-10; predorsal scales 11-13 with a trifurcate anterior margin of which point 3 lies above the upper gill opening; vertebrae 10 + 16 = 26; gill opening extending ventrally to the vertical midline of the opercle. Coloration of males and females: males' basal region of body scale pockets with a bright orange spot, somewhat indistinct in females; the lateral side of females with a middle longitudinal row of discontinuous brownish black spots or bars and their dorsal lateral region with 3-4 longitudinal rows of black spots and the caudal fin base with 2 separate, vertical black bars; males with second dorsal fin with 4 longitudinal rows of reddish brown bars or spots and caudal fin with 8-10 waving vertical orange to brown stripes; pectoral fin base with a basal distinct, oblique deep brown stripe; cheek scattered with 16-25 small, orange red spots, brighter in males; the pectoral fin base of the species with a basal distinct, oblique deep brown stripe, followed by a parallel shorter, lighter stripe or waving mark (Ref. 104792).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Adults inhabit lakes and rivers. Juveniles move into the sea and return to rivers after several months. This species has several types differentiated according to shape, coloration, and life history. Each type is isolated by habitat in the same stream.
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير ذات اهمية
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (مرجع
123201): 12.2 - 20.9, mean 16.9 °C (based on 144 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00759 (0.00466 - 0.01235), b=3.13 (2.99 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (مرجع
69278): 3.2 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
المرونه (مرجع
120179): عالي, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أقل من 15 شهر (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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