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Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes) >
Ephippidae (Spadefishes, batfishes and scats)
Etymology: Chaetodipterus: Greek, chaite = hair + Greek, dipteros = with two fins (Ref. 45335).
Entorno: milieu / zona climática / rango de profundidad / gama de distribución
Ecología
marino; salobre asociado a arrecife; oceanodromo (Ref. 51243); rango de profundidad 3 - 35 m (Ref. 26912). Subtropical; 43°N - 34°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Ref. 47377).
Longitud en la primera madurez / Tamaño / Peso / Edad
Madurez: Lm ?, range 12 - ? cm
Max length : 91.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 7251); common length : 50.4 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 26466); peso máximo publicado: 9.0 kg (Ref. 7251)
Descripción breve
Claves de identificación | Morfología | Morfometría
Espinas dorsales (total) : 9; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 21 - 24; Espinas anales: 3; Radios blandos anales: 17 - 18. Very deep-bodied, compressed, disk-shaped fish with a very blunt snout. Irregular, bold, blackish, vertical bands that fade with age. Second dorsal and anal fins have high anterior lobes (Ref. 26938). Mouth small, the maxilla of adults ending beneath nostrils; no teeth on roof of mouth; scales ctenoid; head and fins scaled; opercle ends in an obtuse point (Ref. 13442).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Abundant in shallow coastal waters, from mangroves and sandy beaches to wrecks and harbors. Juveniles (black phase) are common in estuaries and often found in very shallow water swimming at an angle resembling dead leaves or as infertile red mangrove pods and other debris. Adults often occur in very large schools of up to 500 individuals (Ref. 9710). Feed on benthic invertebrates like crustaceans, mollusks, annelids, cnidarians as well as on plankton (Ref. 35237). Good food fish (Ref. 5521); marketed fresh (Ref. 5217). Often circles divers (Ref. 9710). Minimum depth from Ref. 9710. In southeastern Brazil found between 23 and 45 m (Ref. 47377). Has been reared in captivity (Ref. 35425).
Ciclo vital y comportamiento de apareamiento
Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Situación en la Lista Roja de la UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Amenaza para el ser humano
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)
Usos humanos
Pesquerías: escaso valor comercial; Acuicultura: comercial; pesca deportiva: si; Acuario: Acuarios públicos
Herramientas
Informes especiales
Descargar XML
Fuentes de Internet
Estimaciones basadas en modelos
Temperatura preferida (Referencia
123201): 22.6 - 28, mean 25.4 °C (based on 380 cells).
Índice de diversidad filogenética (Referencia
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03388 (0.02648 - 0.04335), b=2.95 (2.88 - 3.02), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Nivel trófico (Referencia
69278): 4.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliencia (Referencia
120179): Bajo, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 4.5-14 años (tmax=11; tm=1; K=0.17-0.34).
Vulnerabilidad pesquera (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
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Nutrientes (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 16 [7, 41] mg/100g; Iron = 0.412 [0.214, 0.762] mg/100g; Protein = 20.3 [19.1, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.165 [0.090, 0.311] g/100g; Selenium = 15.9 [6.9, 34.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 24.7 [5.6, 116.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.532 [0.327, 0.832] mg/100g (wet weight);