Elasmobranchii (hajar och rockor) (sharks and rays) >
Rajiformes (Skates and rays) >
Rajidae (Skates)
Etymology: Leucoraja: Greek, leykos = white + Latin, raja = a fish, Raja sp. (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / djupintervall / distribution range
Ekologi
marina djupbottenlevande; djupintervall 60 - 800 m (Ref. 106604). Deep-water; 42°N - 36°N, 2°W - 16°E
Mediterranean Sea: endemic to the coasts of Tunisia, Malta and a single record from Italy; rare off Algeria.
Size / Vikt / Age
Könsmognad: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 52.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 125195); 45.0 cm TL (female)
Feed on crustaceans mainly amphipods (Ref. 3167). Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). About 10-56 eggs are laid per individual annually (Ref. 41305, 41314).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Breeds throughout the year, but ripe females observed mainly in spring and autumn (Ref. 3167). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).
McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: mindre kommeriell
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.1 - 14.6, mean 14 °C (based on 23 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00229 (0.00142 - 0.00370), b=3.21 (3.07 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.53 se; based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 4,5-14 år (Fec=10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 6.32 [0.98, 122.77] mg/100g; Iron = 0.346 [0.033, 4.702] mg/100g; Protein = 15.1 [13.0, 17.2] %; Omega3 = 0.455 [0.180, 1.150] g/100g; Selenium = 14.5 [2.5, 68.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 5.07 [0.37, 64.27] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.329 [0.023, 3.815] mg/100g (wet weight);
