分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Perciformes/Cottoidei (Sculpins) >
Cottidae (Sculpins)
Etymology: Alpinocottus: Name from Latin words 'alpinus' for alpine or mountain and 'cottus' meaning sculpin; translation for 'Alpine sculpin', the common name of type species of this genus.
More on author: Heckel.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 深度上下限 0 - 15 m (Ref. 58496). 温带; 72°N - 36°N, 10°E - 171°E
Europe and Asia: Streams in Carpathians draining to Danube, Dniestr, Vistula and Odra. Baltic Sea basin, especially in northern Sweden and Finland between 64 and 68°N, central Finnish lakes area, a few streams in southern Finland and northern Poland, Lake Ladoga and southern Lake Onega basins, a few lakes in northern Germany (extirpated), Lake Hañcza in Poland and Skjernaa drainage in Denmark. In Siberia from River Ob eastward to River Lena. Absent in rivers draining to Baltic Sea south of Iijöki drainage in central Finland and in rivers draining to the White and Barents Seas. Cottus populations from the Kolyma, Amur and Korean drainages usually identified as Cottus poecilopus belong to a different species.
欧洲与前苏联: 在喀尔巴阡山脉的溪流对多瑙河， Dniestr ， Vistula 与 Odra 注入。 波罗的海流域, 尤其在南方的与在 64 与 68° N ，中央的芬兰湖区域之间的瑞典北部与芬兰, 在南方的芬兰中的一些溪流, 在德国北部的一些湖, 在丹麦与湖 Onega 流域的南部的波兰北部与河 Skjernaa 流域的湖 Hancza。 对河莉娜的向东来自鄂毕河的西伯利亚。 不存在于对在中央的芬兰与排水沟到白色与巴伦支海的河中的河 Iijoki 流域的波罗的海南方的河 drainaing 。 在之中沒有出現-瑞典。 在伯恩公約的附錄 3 中 (受保育的動物群).
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm 9.0, range 4 - 10 cm
Max length : 15.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4698); common length : 11.8 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 35840); 最大年龄: 8 年 (Ref. 4698)
臀鳍软条: 13 - 15. Differs from all other species of Cottus in Europe by possessing spatulate prickles; pelvic-fin rays tessellated, with 5-15 distinct rows of spot, appearing as transverse bands; and 2 chin pores. Additional characters useful in the identification of this species include: lateral line clearly above midline of body (shared only with C. koshewnikowi); lateral line clearly above midline of body; lateral line incomplete, usually reaching to anal-fin base; and prickling restricted to body under pectoral fin (Ref. 55856).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
藉由持有竹片状的刺在欧洲有别于所有的其他种的 Cottus; 腹鳍鳍条棋盘格的, 藉由 5-15个明显的列斑点, 呈现横纹; 而且 2个下巴孔。 附加的特征有用的在这种的鉴定包括: 侧线清楚地在上面身体 (只以 C. koshewnikowi 分享) 的中线; 侧线清楚地在上面身体的中线; 侧线不完全的, 通常延伸到臀鳍基底; 而且刺局限于在胸鳍下面的身体了.(参考文献 55856)
Inhabits northern, and mountain and foothill streams, and oligotrophic lakes. Found in fast-flowing waters of coastal streams, rivers, inland lakes, usually on stony bottoms (Ref. 4698). Moves downstream to estuaries and tolerates brackish waters (Ref. 4698). Feeds on algae (diatoms, desmids, blue-green algae), polychaetes, crustaceans, aquatic insect larvae and nymphs (Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, Plecoptera, Chironomidae), fish eggs and larvae.
发现于海岸溪流，河的快速流动水域，内陆的湖了, 通常在多石底部上.(参考文献 4698) 移动向下到河口而且容忍半咸淡水域。 (参考文献 4698) 吃藻类 (硅藻，鼓藻 , 蓝绿藻) ，多毛类动物，甲壳动物，水生的昆虫幼生与蛹 ( 蜉蝣 ， 毛翅目 ， ?翅目 , 摇蚊 ) ，鱼卵与仔鱼。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Females spawn onces a season. Most individuals spawn 2-3 seasons. They lay adhesive eggs in a compact clutch on ceiling of small cavities in gravel or rock bottom. Males guard eggs until hatching. males may guard egg clutches of several females. (Ref.59043).欧洲与前苏联: 在喀尔巴阡山脉的溪流对多瑙河， Dniestr ， Vistula 与 Odra 注入。 波罗的海流域, 尤其在南方的与在 64 与 68° N ，中央的芬兰湖区域之间的瑞典北部与芬兰, 在南方的芬兰中的一些溪流, 在德国北部的一些湖, 在丹麦与湖 Onega 流域的南部的波兰北部与河 Skjernaa 流域的湖 Hancza。 对河莉娜的向东来自鄂毕河的西伯利亚。 不存在于对在中央的芬兰与排水沟到白色与巴伦支海的河中的河 Iijoki 流域的波罗的海南方的河 drainaing 。 在之中沒有出現-瑞典。 在伯恩公約的附錄 3 中 (受保育的動物群).
Freyhof, J., M. Kottelat and A. Nolte, 2005. Taxonomic diversity of European Cottus with description of eight new species (Teleostei: Cottidae). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 16(2):107-172. (Ref. 55856)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
人类利用
诱饵: usually
工具
特别资料
下载 XML
网络资源
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00661 (0.00381 - 0.01146), b=3.14 (2.98 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 3.0 ±0.34 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 4.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tmax=8).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
🛈
