分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 1 - 100 m (Ref. 96339). 熱帶; 32°N - 7°S, 115°W - 78°W (Ref. 114953)
Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to northern Peru.
東太平洋: 加州灣到祕魯。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 119 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 111131)
Found in shallow water on sandy bottoms, sometimes adjacent to reefs (Ref. 12951). Found buried in the sand during the day (Ref. 12951). Moves into shallow bays at night to feed; prefers polychaete worms, but may take sea squirts (Ref. 12951). Produces litters of up to 15 pups. Maturity size of males at ca. 36 cm TL; birth size at ca. 11 cm TL (Ref. 114953).
发现于在砂质底部上的浅水区了, 有时邻近礁.(参考文献 12951) 发现埋藏在砂中在白天期间.(参考文献 12951) 移入浅湾在晚上觅食; 偏爱多毛类的蠕虫, 但是可能吃海椿象.(参考文献 12951)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
東太平洋: 加州灣到祕魯。
McEachran, J.D., 1995. Narcinidae. Rayas eléctricas. p. 769-771. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para los Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9259)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
人类利用
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (参考文献
123201): 18.5 - 28.9, mean 25.8 °C (based on 82 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00719 - 0.02203), b=2.90 (2.74 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 3.0 ±0.18 se; based on food items.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Assuming fecundity<100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (71 of 100).
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