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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Engraulidae (Anchovies) > Engraulinae
Etymology: Anchoa: Italian ancioa = anchovy (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Dr Samuel Latham Mitchill (1764–1831) was an American physician, naturalist and politician. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Valenciennes.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي; آب شيرين; لب شور pelagic-neritic; هردو رو (Ref. 51243); تغييرات عمق 1 - 70 m (Ref. 93252), usually 1 - 36 m (Ref. 189). Subtropical; 42°N - 16°N, 99°W - 72°W (Ref. 189)
Western Atlantic: Casco Bay, Maine south to Florida Keys and westward around the Gulf of Mexico south to Yucatán; not in the West Indies.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm 4.3, range 4 - 4.5 cm
Max length : 10.0 cm SL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 189); common length : 6.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 12193)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 0; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 0; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 0; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 23 - 31. Body variable, more slender in northern populations. Snout fairly blunt, a little over 1/2 eye diameter; maxilla long, tip pointed, reaching beyond hind border of pre-operculum, almost to gill opening; panamensis-type gill cover canals. Anal fin rays rarely 28, its origin below unbranched dorsal fin rays. Anus nearer to pelvic fin tips than to anal fin origin.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: oval.
More commonly found in shallow tidal areas with muddy bottoms and brackish waters, tolerating a wide range of salinities (virtually fresh to fully saline or hypersaline). Found only in spring and summer in the tidal portion of the Ochlockonee River, Florida. Feed mostly on Mysis and copepods, also small fishes, gastropods and isopods. Breed off North Carolina from late April to mid-July, perhaps through to August. Used to some extent to make anchovy paste (Ref. 189).
Spawn in school (Ref. 205).
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: ارزش تحاري اندك; طعمه: usually
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (مرجع
123201): 13.2 - 26.9, mean 24 °C (based on 432 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00589 (0.00475 - 0.00730), b=3.16 (3.12 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (مرجع
69278): 3.3 ±0.33 se; based on food items.
جهندگی (مرجع
120179): زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (K>0.30; tmax=3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 204 [126, 469] mg/100g; Iron = 1.83 [1.02, 3.40] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [15.4, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.543 [0.295, 1.019] g/100g; Selenium = 15.6 [7.4, 36.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 28.9 [9.4, 78.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.42 [0.97, 2.19] mg/100g (wet weight);
