Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
; sötvatten; brackvatten bottenlevande; flodvandrande (Ref. 126106); djupintervall 3 - ? m (Ref. 2686). Tropical; 25°C - 28°C (Ref. 2060); 34°N - 6°S
Asia: India to China, Japan, Malaysia and Indonesia. Probably occurring in Bangladesh.
Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 2686); common length : 40.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 44894)
Kort beskrivning
Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Anguilliform body; no scales; no pectoral and pelvic fins; dorsal, caudal and anal fins confluent and reduced to a skin fold; gill openings merged into single slit underneath the head (Ref. 27732). Rice paddy eels are red to brown with a sprinkling of dark flecks across their backs; large mouths and small eyes (Ref. 44091).
Body shape (shape guide): eel-like.
Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Found in hill streams to lowland wetlands (Ref. 57235) often occurring in ephemeral waters (Ref. 44894). Adults are found in medium to large rivers, flooded fields and stagnant waters including sluggish flowing canals (Ref. 12975, 12693), in streamlets and estuaries (Ref. 41236). Benthic (Ref. 58302), burrowing in moist earth in dry season surviving for long periods without water (Ref 2686). Occasionally dug out in old taro fields, in Hawaii, long after the field has been drained; more frequently observed in stream clearing operations using heavy equipment to remove large amounts of silt and vegetation where the eels are hidden (Ref. 44091). Nocturnal predators devouring fishes, worms, crustaceans, and other small aquatic animals (Ref. 44091); also feed on detritus. Are protandrous hermaphrodites. The male guards and builds nest or burrow (Ref. 205). Marketed fresh and can be kept alive for long periods of time as long as the skin is kept moist (Ref. 12693). Good flesh (Ref. 2686). Important fisheries throughout Southeast Asia (Ref. 57235).
Livscykel och parningsbeteende
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver
Male builds a large free-floating bubblenest among the submerged vegetation close to the shoreline; eggs are spat into the nest after being laid; male guards the nest and continues to guard the young after hatching till they are on their own (Ref. 44091). Spawning occurs in shallow water (Ref. 2060). Sex reversal is completed in 8-30 weeks (Ref. 34260).
Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, i-xxii + 543-1158, 1 pl. (Ref. 4833)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Hot mot människor
Harmless
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: kommersiell; Vattenbruk: kommersiell; Akvarium: Kommersiell
Verktyg
Särskilda rapporter
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Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00059 (0.00036 - 0.00095), b=3.06 (2.92 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 2.9 ±0.28 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 10.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Fec = 1,000).
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (65 of 100).
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Näringsämnen (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 260 [73, 603] mg/100g; Iron = 1.07 [0.42, 2.82] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [17.0, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.0997 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 30.9 [14.1, 74.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.2 [4.2, 37.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.44 [0.74, 2.67] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.