分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 100 - ? m (Ref. 114953). 熱帶; 42°N - 0°N, 55°E - 143°E (Ref. 114953)
Indo-West Pacific; Oman (Arabian Sea) to north-east Asia (China and Japan).
印度-西太平洋: 阿曼與阿拉伯海向東至日本而且南至新加坡與印尼。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9913); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 114953)
Found in continental waters, both inshore and offshore (Ref. 9913). Mainly feeds on crustaceans and polychaetes (Ref. 114953). Biology little known (Ref. 9913) but reported to produce 4-6 young each gestation (Ref. 114953). Adult males and females known at 15 cm TL; common size reported to reach 35 cm TL (Ref. 114953). The electric organs present on disc are used to stun the prey.
發現於大陸的水域，岸邊與外海了。 (參考文獻 9913) 生物學特性知道的很少.(參考文獻 9913) 在體盤上的有發電器者被用來打昏獵物。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-西太平洋: 阿曼與阿拉伯海向東至日本而且南至新加坡與印尼。
Compagno, L.J.V. and P.R. Last, 1999. Narkidae. Sleeper rays. p. 1443-1446. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9913)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (參考文獻
123201): 19 - 28.2, mean 26.4 °C (based on 992 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.6252 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 3.2 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Assuming fecundity<100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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