Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien rifbewoner; diepte 1 - 37 m (Ref. 37039). Tropical
Western Atlantic: Florida (USA), Bahamas, and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil. Northwest Atlantic: Canada.
Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm 33.2, range 28 - 38.7 cm
Max length : 43.0 cm TL (female)
Korte beschrijving
Morfologie | Morfometrie
Pale tan with scattered tiny spots. Mature individuals darker, with red-brown band at back of head. Dorsal fin origin above or behind anus (Ref. 26938).
Inhabits seagrass beds from bays and mangroves to offshore reefs. Adults move to open sea to spawn.
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Meer informatie
ReferentiesAquacultuurAquacultuurprofielKweeklijnenGeneticaElectrophoresesErfelijkheidZiektesVerwerkingNutrientsMassaconversie
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.7 - 28, mean 26.4 °C (based on 356 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00076 (0.00029 - 0.00199), b=3.06 (2.83 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Hoog, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd minder dan 15 maanden (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 56 [32, 104] mg/100g; Iron = 0.597 [0.363, 1.163] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [16.5, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.117 [0.054, 0.338] g/100g; Selenium = 38.2 [21.5, 76.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 62 [18, 189] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.11 [0.79, 1.54] mg/100g (wet weight);