محیط زیست: محیط زیست / منطقه آب و هوایی / تغييرات عمق / محدوده توزیع
بوم شناسي
دريايي وابسته به آب سنگ; تغييرات عمق 0 - 70 m (Ref. 13608). Tropical; 12°N - 13°S, 82°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Panama to Brazil.
اندازه / وزن / سن
بلوغ: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 5217); common length : 25.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 5217); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 1.2 kg (Ref. 5217)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 3; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 29; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 0; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 23 - 25; مهره ها: 36 - 38. Head depressed, trunk compressed; molariform teeth on both jaws; no venomous gland on any spine; body brownish dorsally with black diffuse mottlings, pale ventrally; lateral line pores distinct with white spots; fin membranes black distally (Ref. 13608).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Inhabits littoral (subtidal) waters; usually found on sandy or rock bottom; large fish may be found in waters less than 1 m of depth hiding in crevices or caves (Ref. 3273). Feeds mostly on molluscs and crustaceans. Reported to be moderately abundant and regularly consumed by fishermen (Ref. 50841). Eggs are deposited on the shells of mollusks and on stones. One of the very few marine fishes that guards fry and juveniles. It is caught in traps and special types of hooks (garrapinos) (Ref. 50841). Marketed fresh.
چرخه زندگی و رفتار جفتگیری
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | باروری | توزاد ( لارو)
One of the few marine fishes that provide posthatching care. Males actively guard free-swimming juveniles in burrows (Ref. 13442, 101618). Males may mate more than once a year (Ref. 101618).
Collette, B.B., 1978. Batrachoididae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31), Volume 1. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3273)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: ارزش تحاري اندك
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
تخمینها بر اساس مدلها
دمای ترجیحی (مرجع
123201): 26.9 - 28, mean 27.5 °C (based on 130 cells).
شاخص تنوع فیلوژنتیکی (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00468 (0.00180 - 0.01212), b=3.12 (2.89 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
سطح تروفیک (مرجع
69278): 3.8 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
جهندگی (مرجع
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
آسیبپذیری ماهیگیری (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
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مواد مغذی (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 44.5 [24.7, 81.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.492 [0.297, 0.979] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [17, 19] %; Omega3 = 0.108 [0.064, 0.188] g/100g; Selenium = 38.2 [20.3, 75.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 99.4 [33.8, 276.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.17 [0.82, 1.61] mg/100g (wet weight);