Epinephelus hexagonatus, Starspotted grouper : fisheries, gamefish

Epinephelus hexagonatus (Forster, 1801)

Starspotted grouper
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Epinephelus hexagonatus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Epinephelus hexagonatus (Starspotted grouper)
Epinephelus hexagonatus
Foto de Randall, J.E.

Clasificación / Nombres Nombres comunes | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Especie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Forster.

Entorno: milieu / zona climática / rango de profundidad / gama de distribución Ecología

marino asociado a arrecife; rango de profundidad 0 - 30 m (Ref. 4319), usually 6 - ? m (Ref. 37816). Tropical; 33°N - 31°S, 30°E - 130°W (Ref. 5222)

Distribución Territorios | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Mapa de puntos | Introducciones | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific: none have been taken on the African coast, except for the specimen recorded by Randall and Heemstra 1991(Ref. 4787) from Kenyan coast north of Kilifi Creek. It is an insular species found in most tropical Indo-Pacific islands. Absent in the Red Sea and Persian Gulf.

Longitud en la primera madurez / Tamaño / Peso / Edad

Madurez: Lm 19.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 27.5 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 48600)

Descripción breve Claves de identificación | Morfología | Morfometría

Espinas dorsales (total) : 11; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 15 - 17; Espinas anales: 3; Radios blandos anales: 8. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body depth 2.8-3.5 in SL (10-17 cm SL individuals); head length 2.5-2.6 in SL; preopercle rounded, ventral serrae slightly enlarged; upper edge of operculum convex; midlateral part of lower jaw with 3-5 rows of teeth; gill rakers of first gill arch 7-9 + 17-19; dorsal spines 5th-9th subequal (2.5-2.8 in HL); second anal spine 2.1-2.5 in HL, distinctly longer than third spine or depth of peduncle; caudal fin rounded; pectoral-fin rays 17-19, fin length 1.6-1.9 in HL; pelvic fins 1.8-2.1 in HL; lateral-line scales 61-70; lateral scale series 93 to 114. Colour: head and body covered with polygonal (mostly hexagonal) brown spots that tend to merge, leaving only conspicuous triangular white dots at corners of the polygons; dark spots on belly and ventral part of head more rounded and separated, and often reddish brown; 4 or 5 brownish black saddle blotches (formed by groups of darker spots) on dorsal part of body and caudal peduncle, the first 4 extending onto base of dorsal fin; irregular dark bar, formed by darker polygonal spots, on lower part of body below each saddle blotch; large brown or olive spot just behind eye, often joined to similar spot on opercle; fins with close-set dark brown or reddish brown spots and white dots, except distal half of pectoral fins with faint dark spots and no white dots; pelvic and anal fins with pale edge and dark brown submarginal band; interspinous dorsal-fin membranes with dark brown triangle and short white or pale yellow filament behind tip of each spine (Ref. 39231, 90102).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.

Biología     Glosario (por ej. epibenthic)

Common in exposed outer-reef areas in relatively shallow water. Well-camouflaged grouper, solitary (Ref 37816). Feeds mainly on fishes and crustaceans (stomatopods and brachyuran crabs) (Ref. 5222). This fish is too small to be of commercial importance except as a food fish in artisanal fisheries. It is caught with hook-and-line, traps, spear, and gill nets (Ref. 39231).

Ciclo vital y comportamiento de apareamiento Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva

Referencia principal Suba sus referencias | Referencias | Coordinador | Colaboradores

Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)

Situación en la Lista Roja de la UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 28 January 2018

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Amenaza para el ser humano

  Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 130160)





Usos humanos

Pesquerías: escaso valor comercial; pesca deportiva: si
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Más información

Ecología Trófica
Alimentos (presas)
Composición de la dieta
consumo de alimento
Raciones de comida
Despredadores
Ecología
Ecología
Dinámica de la población
Coeficiente del crecimiento para
Edades / tallas máximas
Longitud-peso rel.
Longitud-longitud rel.
Longitud-frecuencias
Conversión de masas
Reclutamiento
Abundancia
Ciclo de vida
Reproducción
Madurez
Madurez/Gills rel.
Fecundidad
Puesta
Agregaciones de desove
Huevos
Desarrollo de los huevos
Larva
Dinámica larvaria
Anatomía
Superficie branquial
Cerebro
Otolito
Fisiología
Composición corporal
Nutrientes
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Tipo de natación
Velocidad de natación
Pigmentos visuales
Sonido de peces
Enfermedades y parásitos
Toxicidad (CL50)
Genética
Genoma
Genética
Heterocigosidad
heritabilidad
Diversidad genética
Relacionados con el ser humano
Sistemas de acuicultura
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Razas
Ciguatera cases
Sellos, monedas, varios
Divulgación
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Fuentes de Internet

Estimaciones basadas en modelos

Temperatura preferida (Referencia 123201): 25.1 - 29.3, mean 28.4 °C (based on 2803 cells).
Índice de diversidad filogenética (Referencia 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00533 - 0.01633), b=3.00 (2.86 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Nivel trófico (Referencia 69278):  4.1   ±0.67 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
Resiliencia (Referencia 120179):  Alto, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo inferior a 15 meses (K=0.9).
Vulnerabilidad pesquera (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (17 of 100). 🛈
Categoría de precios (Ref. 80766):   Very high.
Nutrientes (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 59 [29, 126] mg/100g; Iron = 0.799 [0.403, 1.710] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [17.0, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.134 [0.080, 0.220] g/100g; Selenium = 30.6 [15.4, 60.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 247 [61, 950] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.41 [0.91, 2.09] mg/100g (wet weight);