Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758)
European anchovy
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Engraulis encrasicolus AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
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Bilder | Frimärken, mynt, diverse. | Google image
Engraulis encrasicolus
Bild av Dammous, S.
Bilder | Frimärken, mynt, diverse. | Google image
Bild av Dammous, S.
Klassificering / Namn Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Engraulidae (Anchovies) > Engraulinae
Etymology: Engraulis: Greek, eggraulis, -eos = anchovy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Etymology: Engraulis: Greek, eggraulis, -eos = anchovy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde Ekologi
marina; brackvatten pelagic-neritic; havsvandrande (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 0 - 400 m (Ref. 2683). Subtropical; 62°N - 37°S, 18°W - 42°E (Ref. 54230)
Utbredning Territorier | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Prickkarta | Utplanteringar | Faunafri
Eastern Atlantic: Bergen, Norway to East London, South Africa (perhaps reaching Durban) (Ref. 10000). Also all of Mediterranean, Black and Azov seas, with stray individuals in Suez Canal and Gulf of Suez; also recorded from St. Helena (Ref. 189). Reported from Estonia (Ref. 33247).
Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm 10.1, range 9 - 14 cm
Max length : 20.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 189); common length : 13.5 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 189); publicerad maxvikt: 0.00 g; rapporterad maxålder: 5 år (Ref. 92145)
Max length : 20.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 189); common length : 13.5 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 189); publicerad maxvikt: 0.00 g; rapporterad maxålder: 5 år (Ref. 92145)
Kort beskrivning Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 0; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 16 - 18; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 13 - 15; Ryggkotor: 46 - 47. Snout pointed; maxilla short, tip blunt, reaching almost to front border of pre-operculum, not projecting beyond tip of second supra-maxilla; tip of lower jaw reaching almost to below nostril. Gill rakers present on hind face of third epibranchial. Pseudobranch longer than eye, reaching onto inner face of operculum. A silver stripe along flank, disappearing with age.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: oval.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: oval.
Mainly oceanic, marine species, forming large schools (see Ref. 126017:598). Tolerates salinities of 5-41 ppt and in some areas, enters lagoons, estuaries and lakes, especially during spawning. Tends to move further north and into surface waters in summer, retreating and descending in winter. Feeds on planktonic organisms. Spawns from April to November with peaks usually in the warmest months. Eggs are ellipsoidal to oval, floating in the upper 50 m and hatching in 24-65 hours. Marketed fresh, dried, smoked, canned and frozen; made into fish meal (Ref. 9987).
Livscykel och parningsbeteende Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver
Pelagic spawners. Gametogenesis is continuous, multiple spawning. Spawning peaks are usually in the warmer months which makes this species a spring-summer spawner. The limits of the spawning season is dependent on temperature and is therefore more restricted in northern areas. Sex ratio: 45% female (Ref. 5580).
Huvudreferens
Ladda upp dina referenser | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 23 May 2013
CITES
Not Evaluated
Hot mot människor
Harmless
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: kommersiellt viktig; bete: usually
FAO - fiskeri: landningar, artprofil; Publication: search | FIRMS - Stock assessments | FishSource | Havet omkring oss
Ytterligare information
Livscykel
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Mognad/Gills rel.
Fekunditet
Lek
Lekande aggregat
Ägg
Utveckling av ägg
Larver
Larvdynamik
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Mognad/Gills rel.
Fekunditet
Lek
Lekande aggregat
Ägg
Utveckling av ägg
Larver
Larvdynamik
Fysiologi
Kroppssammansättning
Näringsämnen
Syreförbrukning
Typ av simning
Simhastighet
Visuella pigment
Ljud från fisk
Sjukdomar & Parasiter
Toxicitet (LC50)
Kroppssammansättning
Näringsämnen
Syreförbrukning
Typ av simning
Simhastighet
Visuella pigment
Ljud från fisk
Sjukdomar & Parasiter
Toxicitet (LC50)
Människorelaterad
Vattenbrukssystem
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera-fall
Frimärken, mynt, diverse.
Vattenbrukssystem
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera-fall
Frimärken, mynt, diverse.
Verktyg
E-bok | Fälthandbok | Bestämningsnycklar | Längdfördelnings-verktyg | Livshistorie-verktyg | Prickkarta |
Fångst-MSY |
Särskilda rapporter
Kontrollera för underhåll av akvarium | Kontrollera om det finns faktablad om arter | Kontrollera om det finns faktablad om vattenbruk
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Internet-källor
AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Släkte, Arter | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - fiskeri: landningar, artprofil; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | Nationella databaser | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Offentliga akvarier | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, sök | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoologiskt register
Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Önskad temperatur (Ref. 123201): 7.1 - 18, mean 10.8 °C (based on 667 cells).
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00457 (0.00414 - 0.00505), b=3.10 (3.07 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 3.1 ±0.36 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.2 (1.8 - 2.8) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 50 growth studies.
Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (K=0.3-1.73; tmax=6; Fec =13,000-503,000).
Prior r = 0.59, 95% CL = 0.39 - 0.89, Based on 21 full stock assessments.
Näringsämnen (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 170 [78, 369] mg/100g; Iron = 1.21 [0.63, 2.85] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.6, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.976 [0.611, 1.574] g/100g; Selenium = 19.1 [9.3, 36.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.5 [4.4, 51.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.24 [0.79, 1.84] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.