分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 0 - 556 m (Ref. 117245). 極; -2°C - 13°C (Ref. 4698); 84°N - 43°N, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 117245)
Arctic, Northwest to Northeast Atlantic: to Gulf of St. Lawrence in Canada and rarely Maine, USA. Northeast Atlantic: eastern coasts of Greenland, Iceland, northern coast of Norway to White and throughout Barents Sea to Spitzbergen and Novaya Zemlya (Ref. 4698).
北極圈與西北大西洋: 對在加拿大中的聖勞倫斯灣與很少地美國緬因州。 東北大西洋: 格陵蘭，冰島的東岸, 挪威到白色的北海岸與在巴倫支海各處對 Spitzbergen 與新地島.(參考文獻 4698)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm 9.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9707)
背棘 (总数) : 10 - 12; 背的软条 (总数) : 14 - 17; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 15 - 19. Back dark, flanks with dark blotches forming two blackish-brown bands, irregular line of dark spots below lateral line; belly light, yellowish in females, with roundish white spots in males; dorsal fin with light and dark stripes, caudal, anal and pectoral fins light, the last with a yellow tip and with 4-5 transverse lines of dark spots (Ref. 4698).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
背面深色的, 侧面用形成二条暗褐色的条纹，深色斑点的不规则线的黑色斑块在侧线下; 腹面光, 淡黄色的在雌性中, 在雄性中有圆的白色斑点; 背鳍有淡色与深色的斑纹，尾鳍、臀鳍与胸鳍光, 最后的具有一个黄色的顶端与具有深色斑点的 4-5 横切线.(参考文献 4698)
Burrows into sand and sand-mud bottoms with salinities of 32-35 ppt, sometimes as low as 16-30 ppt (Ref. 4698). Benthic (Ref. 58426). Feeds on small benthic amphipods and polychaetes (Ref. 4698).
用 32- 的盐度钻进沙子与沙泥底部里面 35个 ppt, 有时更低到 16-30个 ppt.(参考文献 4698) 吃小型底栖的片脚类动物与多毛类动物。 (参考文献 4698)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous (Ref. 101741).北極圈與西北大西洋: 對在加拿大中的聖勞倫斯灣與很少地美國緬因州。 東北大西洋: 格陵蘭，冰島的東岸, 挪威到白色的北海岸與在巴倫支海各處對 Spitzbergen 與新地島.(參考文獻 4698)
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
人类利用
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (参考文献
123201): -1.6 - 1.8, mean -0.6 °C (based on 2043 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00759 (0.00470 - 0.01224), b=3.25 (3.11 - 3.39), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=2-4; tmax=9; Fec=3,030).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 48.9 [19.3, 113.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.45 [0.20, 1.05] mg/100g; Protein = 16.6 [14.4, 18.8] %; Omega3 = 0.361 [0.142, 1.101] g/100g; Selenium = 18.9 [7.2, 48.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.9 [2.9, 64.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.541 [0.342, 0.918] mg/100g (wet weight);
