Pollachius pollachius, Pollack : fisheries, gamefish

Pollachius pollachius (Linnaeus, 1758)

Pollack
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Pollachius pollachius   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Pollachius pollachius (Pollack)
Pollachius pollachius
Photo von Ueberschär, B.

Klassifizierung / Names Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes(Gattung, Arten) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Gadiformes (Cods) > Gadidae (Cods and haddocks)
Etymology: Pollachius: Scottish dialect, podlock, paddle = bumpfish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet Ökologie

seewasser benthopelagisch; ozeanodrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 40 - 200 m (Ref. 6302), usually 40 - 100 m (Ref. 54707). Temperate; 72°N - 36°N, 25°W - 28°E

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Northeast Atlantic: Iceland, the Faeroes and Norway to the Bay of Biscay (Ref. 1371); also southern Baltic Sea (Ref. 89342) with records from Poland, Latvia and Estonia (Refs. 36252, 52079).

Länge bei der ersten Reifung / Größe / Gewicht / Alter

Geschlechtsreife: Lm 41.0, range 42 - ? cm
Max length : 130 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 1371); common length : 75.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 1371); max. veröff. Gewicht: 18.1 kg (Ref. 40637); max. veröff. Alter: 8 Jahre (Ref. 1371)

Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie

Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 0; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 29 - 33; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 27 - 30; Wirbelzahl: 52 - 55. Lower jaw distinctly projecting beyond upper ones. Lacks a chin barbel. Dark lateral line that sharply curves over the pectoral fin and continues over whole body. No dark spot at pectoral fin base. Dorsal and anal fin interspaces short. Sensory canals with large pores on head. Body color is variable; dark dorsally, sharply distinguished from silver-gray sides and belly; the upper part of the body with yellow to orange streaks or blotches; the lateral line greenish. The fins uniformly dark except for the pelvic fins which are yellowish.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: circular.

Biologie     Fachlexikon (Englisch) (z.B. epibenthic)

Found in inshore waters but also down to 200 m depth, in areas with hard bottoms. Juveniles are pelagic, spending 2-3 years near the coast including rocky areas, kelp beds, sandy shores and estuaries (Ref. 1371, 58137, 89343, 89362). Juveniles may form schools with saithe (Pollachius virens) (Ref. 88187), and have also been found solitary and defending their feeding territory (Refs. 42174, 89363). Larger individuals move to the open sea and are often found around rocky areas at 40-100 m depth (Ref. 1371). Also observed around shipwrecks and oil platforms (Ref. 88187). Adults occur singly or in small dispersed shoals but is known to form dense shoals on spawning grounds (Ref. 89364). Suggested to undertake spawning migrations (Ref. 88171). Caught as bycatch in cod and saithe fisheries. Flesh is dry but of good flavor (Ref. 35388). Classified as a "hearing generalist" (89365); has also been found to produce sound. Juveniles have been reported to make repeated short grunts during competitive feeding and aggressive encounters (89366).

Lebenszyklus und Paarungsverhalten Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fruchtbarkeit | Larven

Oviparous and gonochorous (Ref. 205).

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Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  nicht bedroht (LC) ; Date assessed: 16 October 2013

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

  Harmless





Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: kommerziell; Sportfisch: ja
FAO - Aquakultur-Systeme: produktion; Fischereien: landungen, Artbeschreibung; Publication: search | FishSource | Das Meer um uns herum

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Schätzungen auf der Grundlage von Modellen

Bevorzugte Temperatur (Ref. 123201): 7 - 11.9, mean 8.9 °C (based on 283 cells).
Phylogenetischer Diversitätsindex (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.7500   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00708 (0.00605 - 0.00829), b=3.08 (3.04 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophische Ebene (Ref. 69278):  4.3   ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 5.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179):  mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (K=0.19; tmax=8).
Prior r = 0.63, 95% CL = 0.42 - 0.95, Based on 3 data-limited stock assessments.
Anfälligkeit der Fischerei (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (59 of 100). 🛈
Klimaanfälligkeit (Ref. 125649):  Very high vulnerability (82 of 100). 🛈
Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766):   Low.
Nährstoffe (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 8.53 [3.62, 29.51] mg/100g; Iron = 0.222 [0.085, 0.575] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [15.7, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.544 [0.279, 1.082] g/100g; Selenium = 25.4 [8.6, 76.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.8 [4.6, 71.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.401 [0.206, 0.797] mg/100g (wet weight);