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Gadiformes (Cods) >
Merlucciidae (Merluccid hakes)
Etymology: Merluccius: Latin, mar, maris = the sea + Latin, lucius = pike (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / kisaran kedalaman / distribution range
Ekologi
laut dasar (demersal); oceanodromus (Ref. 51243); kisaran kedalaman 15 - 1248 m (Ref. 58452), usually 100 - 600 m (Ref. 58452). Tropical; 33°N - 12°N, 19°W - 8°W (Ref. 58452)
Eastern Atlantic: western North Africa from Cape Cantin to Cape Roxo.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Kematangan: Lm 40.9 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 81.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 1371); common length : 42.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 1371)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 1; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 47 - 51. Head rather long. Pectoral fin tips usually reaching origin of anal fin. Caudal fin usually truncate, progressively becoming concave with growth. Color is steel gray to blackish on back, silvery white on sides and belly.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: oval.
Feeds mainly on small fishes, and to a lesser extent on crustaceans and cephalopods. Undergoes seasonal latitudinal migrations (Ref. 9709). Spawning takes place in northern areas from January to March (Doutre, 1960), and from October to March (López Abellán and Ariz Telleía, 1993). Marketed fresh or frozen (Ref. 58452). Minimum depth reported from Ref. 26999.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: bernilai komersial tinggi
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Acuan
123201): 10.2 - 16.8, mean 14.1 °C (based on 28 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00501 (0.00309 - 0.00812), b=3.10 (2.96 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Acuan
69278): 4.5 ±0.80 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (K=0.07-0.17).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (57 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 35 [17, 113] mg/100g; Iron = 0.674 [0.260, 1.661] mg/100g; Protein = 17.4 [16.2, 18.6] %; Omega3 = 0.102 [0.057, 0.183] g/100g; Selenium = 126 [54, 283] μg/100g; VitaminA = 26 [8, 86] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.568 [0.371, 0.874] mg/100g (wet weight);
