分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Holocephali
全頭亞綱 (銀鮫科) (chimaeras) >
Chimaeriformes (Chimaeras)
銀鮫目 (Chimaeras) >
Chimaeridae (Shortnose chimaeras or ratfishes)
短鼻銀鮫科 (Shortnose chimaeras or ratfishes)
Etymology: Hydrolagus: hydro-, combining form of hydor (Gr.), water; lagos (Gr.), hare, i.e., “water rabbit,” probably referring to three pairs of tooth plates, which tend to protrude from the mouth like a rabbit’s incisors (See ETYFish); colliei: In honor of Alexander Collie (1793‒1835), Scottish surgeon-naturalist aboard HMS Blossom, from which holotype was collected; his notes formed the basis of Lay & Bennett’s description (See ETYFish).
Eponymy: Lieutenant Dr Alexander Collie (1793–1835) was the naval surgeon and naturalist on an expedition (1825–1828) led by Captain Frederick Beechey on ‘HMS Blossom’. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on authors: Lay & Bennett.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生態學
海洋 深海底的; 深度上下限 0 - 913 m (Ref. 6793), usually 50 - 400 m (Ref. 43939). 溫帶; 59°N - 8°N, 141°W - 83°W
Northeastern Pacific: west coast of North America from southwestern Alaska to Baja California, Mexico, including the Gulf of California, and Costa Rica.
東太平洋: Spencer 海岬，阿拉斯加到 Bahia 聖塞巴斯蒂昂 Vizcaino ，下加利福尼亞 (墨西哥). 在加州灣北部中的孤立族群。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ?, range 19 - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 96339)
This species is distinguished by the following characters: short and bluntly rounded snout; oral and preopercular lateral line canals not sharing a short common branch from the infraorbital canal; anterior edge of dorsal-fin spine non-serrated; anterior and posterior regions of second dorsal-fin considerably taller than the middle region; pectoral fins when depressed do not reach beyond to origin of pelvic fins; no anal fin; caudal-fin axis horizontal with the fin nearly symmetrical, epaxial
and hypaxial lobes equal sized; coloration brown or reddish brown with small white spots on head and trunk (Ref. 97389).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: angular.
Found near the bottom, from close inshore to about 913 m (Ref. 2850). Abundant in cold waters at moderate depths. Feed on mollusks, crustaceans and fishes (Ref. 37955); also echinoderms and worms (Ref. 28499). The spine can be dangerous and cause a painful wound (Ref. 2850). Fishers are reputed to fear the jaws of the ratfish more than they do the dorsal spine. Its flesh is edible but bland and leaves an unpleasant aftertaste (Ref. 28499). The liver was used as a source of machine oil (Ref. 28499).
發現於靠近底部了, 從岸邊到大約 913 公尺.(參考文獻 2850) 豐富的在寒冷水域中適度的深度中。 吃軟體動物，甲殼動物和魚類;(參考文獻 37955) 也捕食棘皮動物與蠕蟲.(參考文獻 28499) 棘可能是危險的而且引起令人痛苦的創傷。 (參考文獻 2850) 漁夫是相傳害怕銀鮫的顎超過它們背部棘。 它的肉是可食用的但是淡而無味的而且留下一個不愉快的回味.(參考文獻 28499) 肝臟被用作一個機器油的來源。 (參考文獻 28499)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Distinct pairing during copulation (Ref. 205). The female extrudes two eggs at a time (each contained in a capsule) and may take up to 30 hours to extrude all her egg cases, which then hang from her body on a long filament for another 4 to 6 days. The egg cases end up planted vertically in the mud or just lying with filaments entangled on the bottom. Females extruding egss can be found year-round (Ref. 28499).東太平洋: Spencer 海岬，阿拉斯加到 Bahia 聖塞巴斯蒂昂 Vizcaino ，下加利福尼亞 (墨西哥). 在加州灣北部中的孤立族群。
Allen, M.J. and G.B. Smith, 1988. Atlas and zoogeography of common fishes in the Bering Sea and northeastern Pacific. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 66, 151 p. (Ref. 6793)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 May 2024
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (參考文獻
123201): 5.1 - 9.7, mean 7.5 °C (based on 115 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00331 (0.00137 - 0.00798), b=3.07 (2.86 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 3.7 ±0.54 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 5.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.2-0.22; Fec=2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 14.2 [4.5, 42.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.301 [0.111, 1.177] mg/100g; Protein = 16.7 [11.1, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.508 [0.213, 1.200] g/100g; Selenium = 20.8 [4.5, 56.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.5 [2.3, 24.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.38 [0.19, 0.70] mg/100g (wet weight);
