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Teleostei > Siluriformes (Catfishes) 鯰形目 (Catfishes) > Clariidae (Airbreathing catfishes) 塘蝨魚科 (Airbreathing catfishes)
Etymology: Clarias:Greek, chlaros = lively, in reference to the ability of the fish to live for a long time out of water. Eponymy: Gordon Hill was a volunteer assistant in the Department of Fishes and Reptiles, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. We have been unable to find any more about him. (Ref. 128868), visit book page. More on author: Fowler.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range 生態學
Africa: middle Congo River basin, Lake Albert system and Malagarasi basin (Ref. 248, 78218). Also reported from the lower Lualaba (Ref. 106245). 非洲: 剛果河中游系統與湖艾伯特湖。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 19.6 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3820)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 76 - 87; 臀鰭軟條: 63 - 69; 脊椎骨: 60 - 64. Head rectangular to oval-shaped dorsally; snout broadly rounded; eyes laterally placed. Frontal fontanelle long and narrow; occipital fontanelle small and oval-shaped. Supraorbital and `dermosphenotic' bones separate but not reduced. Tooth plates broad. Pectoral spine slightly curved; outer side with strong, downward serrations. Gill rakers short and squat, although distantly set. Suprabranchial organ rather primitive. Openings of the secondary sensory canals display a regular pattern. Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: circular. 頭部矩形的到橢圓形的背面; 吻寬廣地圓的; 眼側面地放置。 額骨囪門長而狹窄的; 後頭骨囪門小而橢圓形的。 眶上的與皮蝶骨的' 硬骨分開但是不縮小的。 齒板寬的。 胸棘些微地彎曲; 外部的側邊有強的, 向下的鋸齒。 鰓耙短與蹲, 雖然遠遠固定的。 鰓前的器官相當原始。 第二感覺管的開口顯示一個普通的型態。
Teugels, G.G., 1986. A systematic revision of the African species of the genus Clarias (Pisces; Clariidae). Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 247:199 p. (Ref. 248)
Phylogenetic diversity index (參考文獻 82804): PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00794 (0.00357 - 0.01766), b=2.96 (2.78 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻 69278): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (參考文獻 120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100). 🛈