Environment: milieu / climate zone / kisaran kedalaman / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; air tawar; payau dasar (demersal); katadromus (ruaya dari air tawar ke laut) (Ref. 46888); kisaran kedalaman 0 - 3 m (Ref. 86942). Tropical; 27°N - 26°S, 99°E - 171°E
Indo-Pacific: Indonesia and Philippines to New Hebrides [=Vanuatu], north to the southern Japanese Islands. Reported from freshwater in New Caledonia (Ref. 13235).
Size / Weight / umur
Kematangan: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 9812); common length : 23.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 9812)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 4 - 5; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 8; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 8 - 9.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: circular.
Found in coastal waters and ascending rivers into freshwater, penetrating far upstream from river mouth. Found in turbid channels and over gravel-bottoms. Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205). Food-fish.
Harrison, I.J. and H. Senou, 1997. Order Mugiliformes. Mugilidae. Mullets. p. 2069-2108. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9812)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Acuan
123201): 27.2 - 29.3, mean 28.8 °C (based on 1309 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00555 - 0.02485), b=2.96 (2.79 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Acuan
69278): 2.3 ±0.1 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (Assuming Fec>10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
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