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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Sardinella: Latin and Greek, sarda = sardine; name related to the island of Sardinia; diminutive (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / Zona climática / intervalo de profundidade / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas pelagic-neritic; intervalo de profundidade 10 - 70 m (Ref. 12260). Tropical; 41°N - 37°S, 19°E - 155°E
Indo-West Pacific: widespread including the Red Sea, and reported as an invasive species in the eastern Mediterranean basin.
Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturidade: Lm 13.3, range 10 - ? cm
Max length : 29.6 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 116943); common length : 15.0 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 188); idade máx. registrada: 7 anos (Ref. 1488)
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 0; Raios dorsais (total) : 13 - 21; Espinhos anais: 0; Raios anais : 12 - 23. Total number scutes 32 to 34. Vertical striae on scales not meeting at center, numerous small perforations on hind part of scale. A golden mid-lateral line down flank; dorsal and caudal fin margins dusky; a dark spot at dorsal fin origin. Lower gill rakers 45 to 59 (at 6 to 17 cm standard length, not increasing with size of fish after 6 cm standard length).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Forms schools in coastal waters. Adults feed on phytoplankton and zooplankton (crustacean and molluscan larvae) (Ref. 5213, 5284). Juveniles predominantly prefer crustaceans expanding to include phytoplankton in the diet as their length increases (Ref. 34224). Marketed fresh, dried-salted, boiled or made into fish balls. Possible or even probable confusion with other species (especially S. fimbriata in Indian waters) makes published biological data potentially unreliable.
Stern, N., B. Rinkevich and M. Goren, 2016. Integrative approach revises the frequently misidentified species of Sardinella (Clupeidae) of the Indo-West Pacific Ocean. J. Fish Biol. 89(5):2282-2305. (Ref. 114969)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Ameaça para os humanos
Harmless
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: altamente comercial
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
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Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.6 - 29.1, mean 28.1 °C (based on 1384 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00679 - 0.01019), b=3.04 (3.01 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 2.9 ±0.30 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.1 (0.8 - 2.6) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 13
growth studies.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Elevada, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população menor que 15 meses (K=0.32-1.8; tmax=7).
Prior r = 1.07, 95% CL = 0.71 - 1.60, Based on 4 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (19 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 252 [134, 390] mg/100g; Iron = 2.14 [1.25, 3.86] mg/100g; Protein = 20.6 [19.6, 21.6] %; Omega3 = 0.281 [0.140, 0.540] g/100g; Selenium = 127 [68, 257] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.3 [5.1, 45.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.16 [0.84, 1.63] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
