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Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes) >
Tetraodontidae (Puffers) > Tetraodontinae
Etymology: Sphoeroides: Greek, sphaira = ball + Greek, suffix, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Lorentz Spengler (1720–1807) was a zoologist employed by Det Kongelige Danske Kunstkammer, Copenhagen, as Assistant to the Keeper (1765). [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Bloch.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / εύρος βάθους / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά); Υφάλμυρο Υφαλόφιλο(α); εύρος βάθους 2 - 70 m (Ref. 26999). Subtropical; 43°N - 30°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA to Santa Catarina, Brazil (Ref. 57756). Replaced by Sphoeroides marmoratus in the eastern Atlantic (P. Wirtz, pers. comm. 10/04).
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 26999); common length : 12.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 3821)
Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 9. 11-14 sharply defined round black spots on head and lower side of body. The numerous tan lappers on the rear part of the body and distinct spots along the lower side make it unmistakable (Ref. 26938).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Abundant in all inshore habitats where there is adequate cover, such as seagrass beds and reef flats. Feeds on mollusks, crustaceans and echinoderms (Ref. 36453), also on worms and zooplankton larvae (Ref. 131040). Generally common (Ref. 9710). Traded as an aquarium fish at Ceará, Brazil (Ref. 49392).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Αβγά | Γονιμότητα | Προνύμφες
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Poisonous to eat (Ref. 3821)
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); Ενυδρείο: Εμπορικό(ά)
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Αναφ.
123201): 22.5 - 28, mean 25 °C (based on 472 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Αναφ.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01738 (0.01356 - 0.02226), b=2.90 (2.83 - 2.97), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Αναφ.
69278): 3.3 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Ελαστικότητα (Αναφ.
120179): Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 32.6 [10.8, 107.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.68 [0.34, 1.43] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [17.5, 21.9] %; Omega3 = 0.262 [0.123, 0.509] g/100g; Selenium = 15.9 [7.1, 34.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 42.4 [13.0, 139.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.993 [0.654, 1.519] mg/100g (wet weight);
