Environment: milieu / climate zone / نطاق العمق / distribution range
البيئة
بحري القاع; غير مهاجرة; نطاق العمق 1 - 22 m (Ref. 89891). Tropical; 30°N - 24°N, 98°W - 80°W
Western Central Atlantic: southern Florida to Louisiana in the USA. Also in eastern Gulf of Mexico (Ref. 26938).
الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 7251); common length : 20.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 3815)
Usually has dark spot (larger than pupil) on lateral line just behind gill opening.
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Occurs in sea grass beds from near shore to at least 22 m. Small individuals have been known to form small aggregations. Feeds primarily on invertebrates. Marketed mostly fresh and frozen (Ref. 9739).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; طعم: occasionally
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (مرجع
123201): 23.4 - 26.7, mean 24.7 °C (based on 121 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02291 (0.01064 - 0.04934), b=2.95 (2.78 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (مرجع
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
المرونه (مرجع
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 193 [96, 355] mg/100g; Iron = 1.2 [0.6, 2.4] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.2, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.185 [0.106, 0.336] g/100g; Selenium = 37.4 [17.9, 78.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 18.7 [5.0, 62.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.16 [0.76, 1.73] mg/100g (wet weight);