Issue
The distinction between Cheilopogon antoncichi and Cheilopogon unicolor awaits clarification.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / نطاق العمق / distribution range
البيئة
بحري pelagic-oceanic; محيطية (Ref. 51243); نطاق العمق 0 - 20 m. Tropical; 46°N - 42°S, 180°E - 180°W
Widespread in tropical zones of all oceans. Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA to southern South America (Ref. 7251). Eastern Atlantic: equator eastward to 8°W, Cape Verde. Northwest Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951). Indian Ocean: widely distributed but absent from the Red Sea, northern Arabian Sea, and the Persian Gulf (Ref. 3395). Western Pacific: absent in inland waters of southeast Asia (Ref. 9839). Eastern Central Pacific.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 5217); common length : 25.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 5217)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 0; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 12 - 14; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 9 - 11. Body dark iridescent blue above, silvery white below; pectorals dark grey, with a broad pale margin crossed by a pale stripe becoming narrower toward anterior fin margin; pelvic fins pale (Ref. 2797). Juveniles up to 10-19 cm SL with dark bars on body and variegated paired fins (Ref. 2797).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Occurs in surface waters of the open ocean (Ref. 30573). Capable of leaping out of the water and gliding for considerable distances above the surface (Ref. 30573). Feeds on zooplankton and small fish (Ref. 9839).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Parin, N.V., 1996. On the species composition of flying fishes (Exocoetidae) in the West-Central part of tropical Pacific. J. Ichthyol. 36(5):357-364. (Ref. 27313)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: bycatch
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (مرجع
123201): 20.1 - 28.5, mean 26.2 °C (based on 48395 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00631 (0.00288 - 0.01384), b=3.05 (2.85 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (مرجع
69278): 4.0 ±0.65 se; based on food items.
المرونه (مرجع
120179): عالي, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أقل من 15 شهر (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
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