Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; brackish; demersal; amphidromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 2 - 160 m (Ref. 47581). Tropical; 31°N - 27°S, 36°E - 178°W
Indo-West Pacific: Port Sudan in the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf to Japan, the Arafura Sea (Ref. 9819), and Australia.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 9.3  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 14.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 1372); common length : 8.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3424); max. published weight: 19.00 g (Ref. 126702)
Found over muddy sand bottoms of coastal inshore waters (Ref. 47581). Often enters estuaries (Ref. 4833). Forms schools. Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166).
James, P.S.B.R., 1984. Leiognathidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Vol. 2. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3424)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial
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