Viet Nam country information

Common names: Cá Ngựa đen, Cá Ngựa lớn, Spotted seahorse
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: common (usually seen) | Ref: Nguyen, H.P. and N.T. Nguyen, 1994
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: protected | Ref: Lourie, S.A., A.C.J. Vincent and H.J. Hall, 1999
Uses: no uses
Comments: Known from the Gulf of Tonkin, Central and Southern Vietnam (Ref. 9706), Khan-Hoa (Ref. 30915), Nha Trang (Ref. 58534), Hon Ong and Phu Quoc Island, on soft bottom areas with sand, silt and seagrass (Ref. 129070). Listed in the 1994 Vietnam Red Data Book (Ref. 30915). Museum: Nam Phan (Cochin China), region around Saigon and the Mekong delta, CAS 20399 (Ref. 5515). Also Ref. 115213. Status of threat: Vulnerable (Ref. 46452), Endangered (Ref. 129070).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/vm.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Nguyen, H.P. and N.T. Nguyen, 1994
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Hippocampe d'estuaire, Yellow seahorse, Sea horse, ... more

Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Syngnathiformes (Pipefishes and seahorses) > Syngnathidae (Pipefishes and seahorses) > Syngnathinae
Etymology: Hippocampus: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek,kampe = curvature (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina; brackvatten revassocierade; ej vandrande; djupintervall 0 - 68 m (Ref. 37816), usually 0 - 8 m (Ref. 90102). Tropical; 39°N - 28°S, 32°E - 154°W (Ref. 57009)

Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: southern Africa, the Red Sea to Hawaii and French Polynesia; north to Japan, south to Australia.

Length at first maturity / Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m 14.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 1602)

Short description Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri

Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 0; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 17 - 18; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 4.

Inhabit seagrass and marine algae areas of estuaries and seaward reefs; also on steep mud slopes. Found in open water and attached to drifting Sargassum up to 20 km from shore. Adults in pairs (Ref. 48635). Benthic to pelagic (Ref. 58302). Feeds on zooplankton (Ref. 85309). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205). The males carry the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail (Ref. 205). Not shown to be monogamous in the laboratory (Ref. 30915). Very popular aquarium fish. Highly valued species in traditional Chinese medicine (Ref. 30915). Has been reared in captivity (Ref. 35416).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver

There are 20 - 1000 larvae in incubating sacks; time of development is 20-28 days. The males carry the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Lourie, S.A., R.A. Pollom and S.J. Foster, 2016. A global revision of the seahorses Hippocampus Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research. Zootaxa 4146(1):1-66. (Ref. 115213)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Sårbar, se IUCNs rödlista (VU) (A2cd+3cd+4cd); Date assessed: 16 August 2012

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Appendix II: International trade monitored

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Appendix II: Migratory species conserved through agreements

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fiskeri: kommersiellt viktig; Vattenbruk: kommersiell; Akvarium: Kommersiell

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

Ytterligare information

Trophic ecology
Födoslag
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Predatorer

Ecology
Ekologi
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Population dynamics
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Length-weight rel.
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Life cycle
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Distribution
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Anatomy
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Genetics
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Human related
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References
referenser

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Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

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Summary page | Point data | Populärnamn | Photos

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 21.3 - 29, mean 27.8 (based on 1008 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00177 - 0.01127), b=3.00 (2.78 - 3.22), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (tm=0.6; Fec=20-1000).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Hippocampus kuda Bleeker, 1852