Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; demersal; depth range 3 - 100 m (Ref. 58496). Temperate
Northwest Pacific: Japan, the Korean Peninsula and China.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 27.0, range 26 - 28 cm
Max length : 65.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 56557); max. published weight: 3.1 kg (Ref. 40637); max. reported age: 20 years (Ref. 56557)
Short description
Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics
Found near shore, on rock bottoms (Ref. 11230). Juveniles associate with drifting seaweed (Ref. 12114, 12115). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205). Commercially cultured in Japan. The species can be easily reared in aquaria (Ref. 5474).
Reported as ovoviviparous (Ref. 205).
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: commercial; aquarium: potential
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 8 - 21.3, mean 17 (based on 86 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00864 - 0.01270), b=3.08 (3.04 - 3.12), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.21; Fec=44,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).