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Etheostoma caeruleum Storer, 1845

Rainbow darter
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Etheostoma caeruleum
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United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: Rainbow darter
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: abundant (always seen in some numbers) | Ref: Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Also Ref. 10294.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Klassifizierung / Names Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes(Gattung, Arten) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Perciformes/Percoidei (Perchs) > Percidae (Perches) > Etheostomatinae
Etymology: Etheostoma: Greek, etheo = to strain + Greek, stoma = mouth; Rafinesque said "various mouths", but Jordan and Evermann suggest the name might have been intended as "Heterostoma (Ref. 45335);  caeruleum: caeruleum meaning blue (Ref. 10294).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

; süßwasser benthopelagisch.   Temperate; 4°C - 18°C (Ref. 2059); 46°N - 30°N

Verbreitung Länder | FAO Gebiete | Ecosystems | Vorkommen | Point map | Einführungen | Faunafri

North America: Great Lakes and Mississippi River basins from southern Ontario in Canada and from western New York to Minnesota, and south to northern Alabama and Arkansas in the USA. Isolated populations in southwestern Mississippi and eastern Louisiana, and in upper Potomac River drainage in West Virginia, USA.

Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 7.7 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 5723); common length : 5.3 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 12193); max. veröff. Alter: 3.00 Jahre (Ref. 12193)

Biologie     Fachlexikon (Englisch) (z.B. epibenthic)

Adults inhabit fast gravel and rubble riffles of creeks and small to medium rivers (Ref. 5723, 10294); also found in streams (Ref. 10294). Feed on midge larvae, hydropsychid and hydroptilid caddisfly larvae, mayfly nymphs, and fish eggs (Ref. 10294). Distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 36980). Eggs are found buried in the substrate (Ref. 7043).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 36980). Eggs are found buried in the substrate (Ref. 7043).

Hauptreferenz Upload your references | Referenzen | Koordinator | Partner

Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

  nicht bedroht (LC) ; Date assessed: 07 December 2011

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

  Harmless




Nutzung durch Menschen

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00537 (0.00235 - 0.01227), b=3.14 (2.94 - 3.34), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.3   ±0.46 se; based on food items.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179):  hoch, Verdopplung der Population dauert weniger als 15 Monate. (K=0.64-0.82; tmax=3; Fec=508-1462).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (17 of 100).