Portugal country information

Common names: Arraia, Blonde ray, Raia
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist: Portugal
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/po.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Stehmann, M. and D.L. Bürkel, 1984
National Database: Portuguese Freshwater Fishes

Common names from other countries

Raie lisse, Raya boca de rosa, شِفنين بحري مَلْسَة, ... more

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii 板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与鱼) (sharks and rays) > Rajiformes (Skates and rays) > Rajidae (Skates)
Etymology: Raja: Latin, raja, -ae = a sting ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋居于水底的; 深度上下限 10 - 380 m (Ref. 6808). 溫帶; 60°N - 22°N, 18°W - 24°E

分布国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Shetland Islands to Morocco, Rio de Oro (Western Sahara), and Madeira.
東大西洋: 雪特蘭群島到摩洛哥，里奧德奧羅 (西撒哈拉) 與馬得拉群島。

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: L_m 90.2, range 60 - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 41333); 125.0 cm TL (female); 最大体重: 14.3 kg (Ref. 40637)

简单描述检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背棘 (总数) : 0; 臀棘: 0. Upper surface wholly prickly, except in juveniles; underside only prickly along front margins of disc; orbital thorns separate; a regular median row of 40-45 thorns in juveniles and adult females, interrupted on back in males; 60-90 tooth rows; upper surface ochre, with numerous small dark spots to margins of disc, underside white (Ref. 3167).
上表皮长满刺又除了稚鱼; 下面只有多刺的沿着体盘的前缘; 眼窝的刺分开; 40-45 的一般中央列在稚鱼与雌性成鱼中的刺,在雄性中中断背面; 60-90个齿列; 上表皮黄土色, 有很多的对体盘边缘的小深色的斑点, 腹面白色的.(参考文献 3167)

Found on sand and sand-rock bottoms (Ref. 6808). Feed on all kinds of benthic animals (Ref. 3167). Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 10.0-14.3 cm long and 5.8-9.0 cm wide (Ref. 41250). About 40-90 eggs are laid per individual every year (Ref. 41250).

栖息于沙子与砂岩底了。 (参考文献 6808) 捕食各种的底栖动物。 (参考文献 3167) 卵生的。明显的成对出现。幼鱼可能倾向跟随大的个体, 例如他们的母亲.(参考文献 205) 卵为长方形鞘囊具有僵硬的触角沈积在沙滩或泥滩的角落.(参考文献 205) 卵鞘是 10.0-14.3 公分长与 5.8-9.0 公分宽的.(参考文献 41250) 大约 40-90个卵生产每个别的每年.(参考文献 41250)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼

Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Spawning mainly from February to August with at least 30 egg-cases laid (Ref. 3167). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).東大西洋: 雪特蘭群島到摩洛哥，里奧德奧羅 (西撒哈拉) 與馬得拉群島。

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : McEachran, John | 合作者

McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

临近濒危 (NT) ; Date assessed: 01 December 2008

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

无害处的

人类利用

渔业: 低经济; 游钓鱼种: 是的

FAO(渔业: 产生; publication : search) | FishSource | 周边海洋

工具

特别资料

核实相关养殖管理页面 | 核实相关物种介绍页面 | 核实相关水产介绍页面

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摘要页面 | 点图资料 | 俗名 | 图片

网络资源

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 7.1 - 16.2, mean 10.3 (based on 462 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00224 (0.00144 - 0.00349), b=3.27 (3.15 - 3.39), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

营养阶层 (Ref. 69278): 3.8 ±0.61 se; based on food items.

回复力 (Ref. 120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.12-0.19; tmax=15; Fec=40).

Prior r = 0.20, 95% CL = 0.13 - 0.30, Based on 1 full stock assessment.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High to very high vulnerability (65 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High vulnerability (61 of 100).

价格分类 (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Raja brachyura Lafont, 1873

Common names from other countries

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

分布国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

简单描述检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

生物学特性字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : McEachran, John | 合作者

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

CITES (Ref. 128078)

CMS (Ref. 116361)

对人类的威胁

人类利用

更多信息

工具

特别资料

下载 XML

网络资源

Estimates based on models

Raja brachyura Lafont, 1873

Common names from other countries

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

生物学特性 字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : McEachran, John | 合作者

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

CITES (Ref. 128078)

CMS (Ref. 116361)

对人类的威胁

人类利用

更多信息

工具

特别资料

下载 XML

网络资源

Estimates based on models

分布国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

简单描述检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

生物学特性字汇 (例如 epibenthic)