Common names from other countries
分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lethrinidae (Emperors or scavengers) > Lethrininae
Etymology: Lethrinus: Greek, lethrinia, a fish pertaining to genus Pagellus.
More on author: Valenciennes.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 1 - 150 m (Ref. 4369). 热带; 30°N - 35°S, 24°E - 173°W
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to the Ryukyu Islands and New Caledonia. Recently reported from Tonga (Ref. 53797). Also reported from French Polynesian islands (Ref. 4795) but this is a misidentification of Lethrinus rubrioperculatus (Ref. 2295).
印度-西太平洋: 红海而且东非到琉球群岛与新加勒多尼亚。 最近记录自东加。 (参考文献 53797) 也记录自法属玻里尼西亚岛 (参考文献 4795) ，但是这是一个 红鳃龙占〔Lethrinus rubrioperculatus〕 的错误鉴定。 (参考文献 2295)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2295); 最大年龄: 15 年 (Ref. 2290)
背棘 (总数) : 10; 背的软条 (总数) : 9; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 8. Body is brown and gray (usually green, Ref. 48635), becoming lighter ventrally, with scattered irregular dark spots. Often there are two dark bands below the eye, one at the lower rim or the opercle and one at the corner of the mouth. The fins are generally light or translucent; the caudal fin is light and dark striped.
身体是褐色而灰色的 (通常绿色的, 参考文献 48635), 变成腹部颜色较淡, 有分散的不规则的深色斑点。 时常有二个深色条纹眼睛下面, 一在嘴巴的角落的下面边缘或鳃盖与他。 鳍通常淡或半透明; 尾鳍颜色较淡而深色的有斑纹的。
Inhabits sandy and weedy areas near coral reefs, solitarily or in groups (Ref. 30573, 90102), where it is well camouflaged and usually swims in the cover of the substrate (Ref. 48635). Juveniles sometimes abundant in shallow, weedy areas (Ref. 4369). Solitary or in small groups (Ref. 90102). Feeds on small benthic invertebrates (Ref. 30573). A protogynous hermaphrodite (Ref. 55367). Flesh of large individuals is esteemed (Ref. 4369).
栖息于在珊瑚礁 (参考文献 30573) 附近的沙而杂草丛生的区域, 在那里它是善于伪装而且通常在底部的表面中游泳.(参考文献 48635) 稚鱼有时丰富的在水浅又杂草丛生的区域中.(参考文献 4369) 吃小型底栖的无脊椎动物。 (参考文献 30573) 一个雌性先熟的雌雄同体.(参考文献 55367) 大个体的肉被赞赏。 (参考文献 4369)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
A monandric species (Ref. 55367). Length at sex change = 29.1 cm TL (Ref. 55367). Also Ref. 103751.印度-西太平洋: 红海而且东非到琉球群岛与新加勒多尼亚。 最近记录自东加。 (参考文献 53797) 也记录自法属玻里尼西亚岛 (参考文献 4795) ，但是这是一个 红鳃龙占〔Lethrinus rubrioperculatus〕 的错误鉴定。 (参考文献 2295)
Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(9):118 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 2295)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 24.2 - 29, mean 27.9 (based on 1950 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01514 (0.00706 - 0.03245), b=2.98 (2.81 - 3.15), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.49; tmax=15).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
