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Parapercis natator Randall, Senou & Yoshino, 2008

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Parapercis natator
Female picture by Randall, J.E.


Japan country information

Common names: Oyogi-toragisu
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Type locality, Izu Oceanic Park, Sagami Bay, 40 m, URM-P 4177 (formerly IK 361), (holotype of Parapercis natator, 8.86 cm SL); collected by M. Takahashi using a hand net (Ref. 75205).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.maff.go.jp/eindex.html
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Randall, J.E., H. Senou and T. Yoshino, 2008
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Perciformes/Uranoscopoidei (Sand dwellers) > Pinguipedidae (Sandperches)
Etymology: Parapercis: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, perke = perch (Ref. 45335);  natator: Name from Latin word meaning swimmer, refers to its habit of swimming in small aggregations above the bottom..
  More on authors: Randall, Senou & Yoshino.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas bentopelágico; intervalo de profundidade 0 - 45 m (Ref. 75205).   Temperate

Distribuição Países | Áreas FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

Northwest Pacific: Japan.

Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 8.9 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 75205)

Descrição breve Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 5 - 6; Raios dorsais moles (total) : 22; Espinhos anais: 1; Raios anais moles: 18; Vértebras: 30. This species is distinguished by the following characters: D V, 22 (one with VI); A I, 18; pectoral-fin rays 17 or 18 (usually 17); lateral-line scales 59-61; median predorsal scales 10-11; gill rakers 3-5+10-13; projecting lower jaw; canine teeth 3 pairs anteriorly in lower jaw; palatine teeth absent; vomer has a row of 10-14 small conical teeth; body scales finely ctenoid, becoming cycloid ventrally on abdomen, prepelvic area, nape, and below spinous portion of dorsal fin; above posterior margin of preopercle at level of dorsal edge of orbit is an isolated round patch of small cycloid scales; opercle and cheek with small, cycloid and partially embedded scales; preopercle with smooth margin; body depth 5.0-6.1 in SL; head length 3.3-3.6 in SL; snout length 3.65-4.5 in HL; orbit diameter 3.1-3.4 in HL; very broad interorbital space, 3.35-4.4 in HL; third or fourth dorsal spine longest, 3.25-3.65 in HL; caudal fin in females emarginate, in males lunate; pectoral fins slightly emarginate, 4.2-4.7 in SL; pelvic fins reaching or slightly extending posterior to origin of anal fin, 3.8-4.75 in SL. Preserved color of males pale yellowish with a slightly oblique, broad, purplish gray bar anteriorly on body, bordered by a pale bar and a narrow purplish gray bar; in females pale yellowish; base of membranes of spinous portion of dorsal fin dark brown. Color in life of males red to violet-red dorsally, grading to lavender-pink ventrally, a yellow bar beneath anterior fourth of soft portion of dorsal fin, bordered by a pale-edged bright red bar; spinous portion of dorsal fin orange-red, many yellow spots on the soft portion; caudal fin with deep red lobes; axil of pectoral fins with a bright red spot at the base and; in females light red dorsally on body with 10 darker red bars on about upper one-fourth that are narrower posteriorly; 14 orangish pink bars of unequal width on lower side of body; spinous portion of dorsal fin is bright orange-red, deep red to blackish at base except last membrane white; soft portion of dorsal fin with numerous red spots; caudal fin lobes red; base and axil of pectoral fins in a bright red spot bordered by white; juveniles has a narrow orange stripe, bordered by white, from behind eye to upper base of caudal fin, the anterior third showing paler lateral line; ventral half of body pink; spinous portion of dorsal fin red with a black spot near base of membranes, except white first and last membranes; soft portion of fin translucent with many dark reddish brown spots (Ref. 75205).

Biologia     Glossário (ex. epibenthic)

This species is reported to be an active swimmer and occur in a small aggregation hovering a short distance above the substratum. About 6 individuals were observed to swim only 10-20 cm above the bottom and held their body at an angle with the head end upward. The type specimens were collected from the depth range of 15-45 m (Ref. 75205).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador : Ho, Hsuan-Ching | Colaboradores

Randall, J.E., H. Senou and T. Yoshino, 2008. Three new pinguipedid fishes of the genus Parapercis from Japan. Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci. Ser. A. Suppl. 2:69-84. (Ref. 75205)

Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435)


CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para o homem

  Harmless




Utilização humana

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

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Fontes da internet

Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Consultar FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Espécies) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(genoma, nucleotídeo) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Árvore da vida | Wikipedia(ir para, procurar) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Registo zoológico

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00692 (0.00311 - 0.01538), b=3.06 (2.88 - 3.24), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278):  3.4   ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliência (Ref. 120179):  Elevada, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população menor que 15 meses (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100).