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Pareiorhaphis mutuca (Oliveira & Oyakawa, 1999)

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drawing shows typical species in Loricariidae.


Brazil country information

Common names: Cascudo
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Known only from the Mutuca creek, Rio das Velhas drainage in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Its range possibly includes all the headwates of Rio das Velhas (Ref. 32949).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/br.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: de Oliveira, J.C. and O.T. Oyakawa, 1999
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Siluriformes (Catfishes) > Loricariidae (Armored catfishes) > Hypoptopomatinae
Etymology: Pareiorhaphis: Greek, pareia = jaw + Greek, rhaphis = needle (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Freshwater; demersal; depth range 0 - ? m (Ref. 32949).   Tropical

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

South America: Headwaters of Das Velhas River basin.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 10.2 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 130067); max. published weight: 30.80 g (Ref. 130067)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal soft rays (total): 7; Anal soft rays: 6. Distinguished from other Hemipsilichthys species by the exposed lateral process of cleithrum above pectoral fin insertion very reduced in size, never passing the origin of the pectoral fin spine; and by the arrangement of the hypertrophied odontodes on the lateral margin of head, which are longer posteriorly and slightly turned backwards (Ref. 42856).

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Facultative air-breathing in the genus (Ref. 126274); Found in rocky and stony areas. During the day, this fish hides under the stones in the deep and shaded places but is always active.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Fisch-Muller, Sonia | Collaborators

Ferraris, C.J. Jr., 2007. Checklist of catfishes, recent and fossil (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes), and catalogue of siluriform primary types. Zootaxa 1418:1-628. (Ref. 58032)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Endangered (EN) (B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv)); Date assessed: 07 November 2018

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless




Human uses

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

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Internet sources

Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia(Go, Search) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00759 (0.00337 - 0.01709), b=3.12 (2.93 - 3.31), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100).