分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Siluriformes (Catfishes)
鯰形目 (Catfishes) >
Clariidae (Airbreathing catfishes)
塘蝨魚科 (Airbreathing catfishes)
Etymology: Clarias: Greek, chlaros = lively, in reference to the ability of the fish to live for a long time out of water.
More on author: Günther.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 居於水底的; pH range: 6.0 - 7.5; dH range: ? - 25. 熱帶; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 12468); 5°N - 8°S
Africa: basins of the Ogooué, Noya (Muni River tributary), Kouilou and Chiloango (Ref. 81644), as well as in the lower and middle Congo River basin including Lake Tumba and Pool Malebo (Ref. 248). Also reported from the upper Congo (Ref. 106245).
非洲: 剛果河流域下游與中游,包括湖 Tumba 與水池 Malebo, 也發現於 Chiloango 系統與在奧克維河中。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 36.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3820)
簡短描述
型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數): 0; 背的軟條 (總數): 72-88; 臀鰭軟條: 56 - 71; 脊椎骨: 55 - 71. Diagnosis: head length 24.4-27.7% SL (Ref. 81644, 101841). Head rather pointed in dorsal outline; snout slightly rounded; eyes located more dorsally (Ref. 248). Interorbital distance 41.1-45.4% HL (Ref. 101841). Tooth plates relatively small (Ref 248), width of premaxillary tooth plate 21.3-28.2% HL, and of vomerine tooth plate 18.6-25.9% HL (Ref. 101841). Nasal barbel 78.3-110% HL; outer mandibular barbel 58.0-142% HL (Ref. 101841). Frontal fontanelle short and squat (`sole-shaped'); occipital fontanelle small and oval-shaped; `dermosphenotic' and supraorbital bones become sutured in larger specimens (above 65 mm SL) (Ref. 248). Pectoral spine robust, slightly curved (Ref. 248) and strongly serrated on outside and inside (Ref. 81644, 101841). Number of gill rakers varies with standard length (Ref. 248), 16-28 on first gill arch (Ref. 81644). Suprabranchial organ well developed, nearly filling the cavity (Ref. 248). Openings of the lateral branches of the lateral line irregularly placed (Ref. 248, 81644). 56-71 anal fin rays (Ref. 81644). Large part of bony surface of cleithrum exposed through the skin; posterior border of visible part sometimes forms almost straight line; cleithrum length 21.5-26.0% HL; dorsal fin length 65.7-75.0% SL; distance from dorsal to caudal fin 0.0-2.5% SL (Ref. 101841).
Colouration: brownish yellow in life; pigmentation may be uniform but is more often marbled, with many, small yellowish spots (Ref. 81644, 101841). Distal quarter of caudal fin is clearer than anterior portion (Ref. 248, 81644, 101841). Some specimens may show irregular pattern of small white spots on body (Ref. 101841).
頭部相當尖在背部的輪廓中; 吻略圓的; 眼更背面位於。 額骨囪門短與蹲;(唯一的-形狀的') 後頭骨囪門小而橢圓形的。 皮蝶骨的' 與上眼窩骨變成在較大的標本 (上方 65 mm SL) 縫合.(在上面 65 mm SL) 齒板相當小的。 胸棘結實的而且些微地彎曲。 鰓耙的數字隨著 SL 改變。 鰓前的器官發展良好的, 幾乎填充洞。 側線的側面分支的開口不規則地放置。
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Found in lakes, rivers and floodplains (during breeding season); stomach contents consisted of sand, plants, larvae of Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera and Chironomidae, remains of insects and fish scales (Ref. 248, 78218).
發現於湖，河與洪泛區了。 (在繁殖季節的時候) 胃內含物有了沙子，植物，蜉蝣的幼生，毛翅目與搖蚊, 昆蟲與魚鱗保持.(參考文獻 248)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Juvenile specimens were found in isolated pools in the forest which might indicate that reproduction takes place during the rainy season.非洲: 剛果河流域下游與中游,包括湖 Tumba 與水池 Malebo, 也發現於 Chiloango 系統與在奧克維河中。
Teugels, G.G., 1986. A systematic revision of the African species of the genus Clarias (Pisces; Clariidae). Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 247:199 p. (Ref. 248)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
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