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Salmoniformes (Salmons) >
Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Coregoninae
Etymology: Coregonus: Greek, kore = pupils of the eye + Greek, gonia = angle (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Pallas.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Écologie
marin; eau douce; saumâtre benthopélagique; anadrome (Ref. 51243). Polar; 78°N - 63°N, 58°E - 163°E
Arctic Ocean basin, from Kara to Kolyma drainages. Introduced or stocked in many lakes in northern and central Russia (Ref. 59043).
Length at first maturity / Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturity: Lm 46.3, range 42 - 50 cm
Max length : 90.0 cm SL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 59043); poids max. publié: 13.8 kg (Ref. 593); âge max. reporté: 23 années (Ref. 593)
Anadromous, semi-anadromous, lacustrine, lacustrine-riverine, and riverine stocks have been reported. Most stocks are migratory, spending most of year at sea, sometimes rather far from coast (Ref. 59043). Stays mainly in the lower reaches of the rivers (Ref. 593) with slow current, large lakes and their tributaries, floodplain lakes, deltas and estuaries, marine waters with salinity up to 6-10%. Enters rivers in July - August and reaches spawning sites by October - November. In larger rivers, moves upriver up tp 2000 km (average speed 20 km/day). Spawns for the first time at 6-14 years, 47-50 cm SL. Spawns in rapids or shallows, at 1-2°C, when rivers start freezing. Adults leave spawning sites in winter (Ref. 59043). Eggs are buried in unguarded nests (Ref. 205). Eggs hatch in 150-180 days; peak hatching usually in April. Juveniles feed on plankton in winter (during which they do not cease active foraging) and benthic invertebrates in summer (Ref. 59043).
Status of threat: Important commercial species but rapidly declining (Ref. 59043).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Berg, L.S., 1962. Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries. volume 1, 4th edition. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem. (Russian version published 1948). (Ref. 593)
Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Menace pour l'homme
Harmless
Utilisations par l'homme
Pêcheries: hautement commercial
Plus d'informations
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00417 (0.00266 - 0.00653), b=3.24 (3.11 - 3.37), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Niveau trophique (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 10.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Résilience (Ref.
120179): Faible, temps minimum de doublement de population : 4,5 à 14 années (tmax=23).
Prior r = 0.25, 95% CL = 0.17 - 0.38, Based on 2 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (63 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 9.22 [5.19, 19.35] mg/100g; Iron = 0.332 [0.178, 0.604] mg/100g; Protein = 17.2 [15.9, 18.4] %; Omega3 = 0.542 [0.216, 1.489] g/100g; Selenium = 17.3 [7.4, 40.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.7 [2.4, 62.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.409 [0.297, 0.585] mg/100g (wet weight);
