分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 降海洄游 (Ref. 123463). 亞熱帶的; 10°S - 40°S
Oceania: Endemic to eastern and southern Australia.
大洋洲: 東方的特有種與澳洲南部。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 75.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 44894); common length : 40.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5259); 最大体重: 10.0 kg (Ref. 5259); 最大年龄: 40 年 (Ref. 123463)
背棘 (总数): 9 - 10; 背的软条 (总数): 8-11; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 7 - 9; 脊椎骨: 25. Dark gray on back, becoming paler below with overall silvery sheen; lower sides and belly whitish; fins dusky brown to dark brown, darker distally (except pecorals).
深灰色背面, 变成腹面灰白具有全身银色光辉; 下侧与腹面微白色的; 鳍暗褐色的到深褐色的, 比较深色的末梢部地.(除 pecorals)
An estuary-dependent catadromous fish inhabiting the tidal reaches of rivers, lakes and coastal lagoons where it is found (Ref. 7300, 123463); with salinities less than 1-2 ppt (Ref. 5259). Popular angling species that tends to swim near the bottom in deeper water. Feeds on small fishes, molluscs, worms, shrimps and other crustaceans. During winter (July and August) they move to the mouth of estuaries to breed (Ref. 44894). Individuals are long lived, reaching to more than 40 years (Ref. 123463). Oviparous, egg is pelagic (Ref. 5259) and hatches in 2-3 days. Male reaches maturity at a length of about 22 centimeters; female at about 28 centimeters (Ref. 44894).
出现于静水而激流的淡水。 (参考文献 7300) 最普遍发现于潮汐的水域, 也用盐度少于 1-2 ppt 出现于河川与湖泊中.(参考文献 5259) 出现于河口与低的, 河川中潮汐能达到的范围。 倾向在底部附近的游泳在深水中的受欢迎的钓鱼种。 吃小鱼，软件动物，蠕虫，虾与其他的甲壳动物。 在冬天 (七月与八月) 期间，他们移动到河口到繁殖的嘴巴。 (参考文献 44894). 卵生的, 卵是大洋性的 (参考文献 5259) 而且在 2-3 天中孵化。 雄性达成成熟在体长大约 22个公分;雌性在大約 28個公分.(參考文獻 44894)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Adults move downstream prior to spawning (Ref. 5259).大洋洲: 東方的特有種與澳洲南部。
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00423 - 0.02842), b=3.05 (2.83 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (57 of 100).
