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	<dc:identifier>FB-7520</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7520</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Siluriformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Aspredinidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Aspredinichthys</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Aspredinichthys tibicen (Valenciennes, 1840)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Viola</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Ti-skægget banjomalle</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Tenbarbed banjo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Claqueur dix-barbes</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Poisson banjo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Bagre roncador diez barbas</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Riqui-riqui</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Grongron</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kronkron</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Maranri</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Poson-kronkron</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Sibali grongron</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>粗皮鯰</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>粗皮鲶</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Aspredo tibicen Valenciennes, 1840</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1993-03-02</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2016-05-02</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=7520'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2037&amp;speccode=7520'>Eigenmann, R.S.0 The freshwater fishes of British Guiana, including a study of the ecological grouping of species, and the relation of the fauna of the plateau to that of the lowlands. Mem. Carneg. Mus. 5:578 p. (Ref. 2037)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=7520'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5217&amp;speccode=7520'>Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez0 Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur América. FAO, Rome. 513 p. Preparado con el financiamento de la Comisión de Comunidades Europeas y de NORAD. (Ref. 5217)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5266&amp;speccode=7520'>Taylor, W.R.0 Aspredinidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). volume 1. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 5266)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6868&amp;speccode=7520'>Burgess, W.E.0 An atlas of freshwater and marine catfishes. A preliminary survey of the Siluriformes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey (USA). 784 p. (Ref. 6868)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31402&amp;speccode=7520'>Swedish Museum of Natural History0 Fish collection database of the Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Swedish Museum of Natural History). Ichthyology Section, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden. (Ref. 31402)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=7520'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31982&amp;speccode=7520'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982)</reference>
	<reference isbn='2-86515-117-4' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35381&amp;speccode=7520'>Le Bail, P.-Y., P. Keith and P. Planquette0 Atlas des poissons d'eau douce de Guyane. Tome 2, Fascicule II: Siluriformes. Collection Patrimoines Naturels 43(II): 307p. Paris: Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. (Ref. 35381)</reference>
	<reference isbn='85-7430-361-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36695&amp;speccode=7520'>Friel, J.P.0 Aspredinidae (Banjo catfishes). p. 261-267. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36695)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=7520'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41414&amp;speccode=7520'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=47438&amp;speccode=7520'>Anonymous0 Fish collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Royal Ontario Museum. (Ref. 47438)</reference>
	<reference isbn='92-5-104826-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=50677&amp;speccode=7520'>Ferraris, C.J. Jr.0 Aspredinidae. Banjo catfishes. p. 859-863. In K.E. Carpenter (ed.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Atlantic. Vol. 2: Bony fishes part 1 (Acipenseridae to Grammatidae). (Ref. 50677)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51471&amp;speccode=7520'>Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1-881173-76-3' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51849&amp;speccode=7520'>Lasso, C.A., O.M. Lasso-Alcalá, A. Pombo and M. Smith0 Distribution of fish species among localities during the AquaRAP survey of the Gulf of Paria and Orinoco delta, Venezuela. p. 315-319. In Rapid assessment of the biodeiversity and social aspects of the aquatic ecosystems of the Orinoco delta and the Gulf of Paria, Venezuela. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 37. Conservation International. Washington DC, USA. 360p. (Ref. 51849)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=7520'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=80009&amp;speccode=7520'>Joyeux, J.-C., T. Giarrizzo, R.M. Macieira, H.L. Spach and T. Vaske Jr.0 Length-weight relationships for Brazilian estaurine fishes along a latitudinal gradient. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 24(1):1-6. (Ref. 80009)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=83865&amp;speccode=7520'>Silva-Júnior, M.G., A.C.L. Castro, L.S. Soares and V.L. França0 Relação peso- comprimento de espécies de peixes do estuário do rio Paciência da Ilha do Maranhão, Brasil. Boletim do Laboratório de Hidrologia 20:30-37. (Ref. 83865)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105080&amp;speccode=7520'>Ferraz, D. and T. Giarrizzo0 Weight-length and length-length relationships for 37 demersal fish species from the Marapanim River, northeastern coast of Pará State, Brazil. Biota Amazônia 5(3):78-82. (Ref. 105080)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=116654&amp;speccode=7520'>Saks, L.0 Estonian Common Names, Rank 2. Personal communication (Ref. 116654)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>2009-07-23</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2010-07-09</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
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	<dc:rights>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged</dc:rights>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
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	<dc:description></dc:description>
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	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-7520</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Liza Q. Agustin</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-03-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<dc:description>Benthic fish occurring mainly in brackish water.  Found on soft bottoms of shallow turbid water near river mouths.  The species has a peculiar mode of egg incubation wherein the female banjo catfish carries the eggs firmly attached to the underside of the body.  This seems to be an adaptation to facilitate the oxygenation of the eggs in muddy environments.  Reproduction takes place in March and June (Ref. 35381).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5217&amp;speccode=7520'>Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez 1992 Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur América. FAO, Rome. 513 p. Preparado con el financiamento de la Comisión de Comunidades Europeas y de NORAD. (Ref. 5217)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-7520</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Liza Q. Agustin</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-03-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2010-04-30 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7520</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Central and South America:  lower portions of coastal rivers and in coastal waters from Venezuela to northern Brazil.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='85-7430-361-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36695&amp;speccode=7520'>Friel, J.P. 2003 Aspredinidae (Banjo catfishes). p. 261-267. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36695)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-7520</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1993-03-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7520</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5266&amp;speccode=7520'>Taylor, W.R. 1978 Aspredinidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). volume 1. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 5266)</reference>
	<reference isbn='2-86515-117-4' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35381&amp;speccode=7520'>Le Bail, P.-Y., P. Keith and P. Planquette 2000 Atlas des poissons d'eau douce de Guyane. Tome 2, Fascicule II: Siluriformes. Collection Patrimoines Naturels 43(II): 307p. Paris: Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. (Ref. 35381)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-LifeCycle-7520</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-03-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=7520&amp;StockCode=7824</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Female develops spongy tentacles on her belly during the breeding season and incubates her eggs by carrying them about attached to these tentacles.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6868&amp;speccode=7520'>Burgess, W.E. 1989 An atlas of freshwater and marine catfishes. A preliminary survey of the Siluriformes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey (USA). 784 p. (Ref. 6868)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-7520</dc:identifier>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<dc:description>24.3 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 80009))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=80009&amp;speccode=7520'>Joyeux, J.-C., T. Giarrizzo, R.M. Macieira, H.L. Spach and T. Vaske Jr. 2008 Length-weight relationships for Brazilian estaurine fishes along a latitudinal gradient. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 24(1):1-6. (Ref. 80009)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>demersal; freshwater; brackish</dc:description>
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