FB-6001 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6001 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Perciformes/Serranoidei Epinephelidae Epinephelus Epinephelus rivulatus (Valenciennes, 1830) Garoupa meia-lunada Halfmaan-klipkabeljou لُؤز نصف قمر Chinaman cod Chinaman rockcod Charlie court cod Dotted groper Green-finned rock-cod Halfmoon grouper Halfmoon rockcod White-dotted cod White-dotted grouper Cabot sale Loche brique Mérou demi-lune Rouge sale Lokos Shimofurihata Mako Sumeyn Lapu lapu Lapu-lapu Cá Mú kè Mero medialuna Bulang Kurapu Lapu-lapu Mahang Metail Paak-dim-paan 半月石斑魚 半月石斑鱼 玫瑰斑 石斑 紋斑石斑魚 纹斑石斑鱼 过鱼 霜点石斑鱼 霜點石斑魚 鲙 黃邊石斑魚 黄边石斑鱼 Epinephelus akaara (non Temminck & Schlegel, 1842) Epinephelus diacanthus (non Valenciennes, 1828) Epinephelus grammatophorus Boulenger, 1903 Epinephelus homosinensis Whitley, 1944 Epinephelus matterni Fowler, 1918 Epinephelus raymondi Ogilby, 1908 Epinephelus rhyncholepis (Bleeker, 1853) Epinephelus spiramen Whitley, 1945 Serranus rhyncholepis Bleeker, 1853 Serranus rhyncolepis Bleeker, 1853 Serranus rivulatus Valenciennes, 1830 Serranus viridipinnis De Vis, 1884 1992-07-11 2018-04-13 Coppola, S.R., W. 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Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6001 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat market Locality: Naha, Okinawa, Ryukyu Is.. http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epriv_u6.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epriv_u6.jpg Locality: Naha, Okinawa, Ryukyu Is.. FB-pic-6001-9616 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-03 1999-06-30 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6001 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epriv_u7.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epriv_u7.jpg FB-pic-6001-9617 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-03 1999-06-24 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6001 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epriv_u8.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epriv_u8.jpg Locality: Jeneponto, Celebes, Indonesia. FB-pic-6001-9618 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-03 2000-11-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6001 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epriv_u9.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epriv_u9.jpg FB-pic-6001-9619 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-03 2000-11-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6001 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Aliwal Shoal, SE of Durban Locality: Durban, Natal, South Africa. http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epriv_ua.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epriv_ua.jpg Locality: Durban, Natal, South Africa. FB-pic-6001-9620 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-03 2000-11-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6001 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epriv_ub.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epriv_ub.jpg Locality: Sodwana Bay, Natal, South Africa. FB-GeneralDescr-6001 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-07-11 00:00:00 2018-04-13 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6001 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Sedentary reef-associated species (Ref. 89707). Occurs on coral reefs, areas with rocky substrata, algal flats and seagrass beds. Feeds on fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 30573). A protogynous hermaphrodite (Ref. 55367). Forms spawning aggregations (Ref. 55367). Solitary (Ref 90102). Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-DiagnosticDescr-6001 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 1994-06-13 00:00:00 2013-10-21 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6001 Characterized by red-brown head; body mottled pale-brown color; 5-6 irregular dark brown bars on body; caudal fin dark brown with pale speckling; body scales ctenoid except cycloid anterodorsally above lateral line, on nape, thorax and abdomen; body with auxiliary scales only anterodorsally behind zone of small cycloid scales; greatest depth of body; 2.7-3.2 in SL; rounded caudal fin; pelvic fins, 1.9-2.4 in head length (Ref. 90102); body depth contained 2.7-3.2 times in SL; head length 2.3-2.6 times in SL; head length 2.3-2.6 times in SL; flat to slightly convex interorbital area, dorsal head profile convex; snout length 4.0-5.0 in HL; angular preopercle, with enlarged serrae at angle; straight upper edge of operculum, almost horizontal; posterior and anterior nostril subequal in size; maxilla reaches to or past vertical at rear edge of eye, ventral edge with slight step at distal expansion; 2-3 rows of teeth on midlateral part of lower jaw; pyloric caeca (Ref. 89707). Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-Morphology-6001 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 1994-06-13 00:00:00 2013-10-21 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6001 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Dorsal spines (total): 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 16 - 18; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8 Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-Distribution-6001 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-07-11 00:00:00 2022-10-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6001 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Indo-West Pacific: East Africa to the western Pacific, southward into temperate waters of South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. Not known from the Red Sea or Persian Gulf. Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-Uses-6001 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-07-11 00:00:00 2018-04-13 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6001 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle fisheries: minor commercial; price category: very high; price reliability: questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this genus Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) FB-LifeCycle-6001 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Daniel Pauly 1992-07-11 00:00:00 2018-04-13 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=6001&StockCode=6314 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size A monandric species (Ref. 55367). Length at sex change = 7.56 cm TL (Ref. 55367). Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-TrophicStrategy-6001 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1996-11-25 00:00:00 2018-04-13 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public rivulatus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Found inshore (Ref. 75154). Caught with handlines from cliffs and coral reefs (Ref. 9137). Sedentary reef-associated species (Ref. 89707). Occurs on coral reefs, areas with rocky substrata, algal flats and seagrass beds. Feeds on fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 30573). Thollot, P. 1996 Les poissons de mangrove du lagon sud-ouest de Nouvelle-Calédonie. ORSTOM Éditions, Paris. (Ref. 11889) FB-Size-6001 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-07-11 00:00:00 2018-04-13 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6001 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat 45.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 90102)); max. published weight: 1,400 g (Ref. 5222) Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann 2012 Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai'i Press, Volumes I-III. Tropical Reef Research. (Ref. 90102) Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-6001 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-07-11 00:00:00 2018-04-13 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6001 reef-associated; marine; depth range 1 - 150 m (Ref. 9710) Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710)