FB-4715 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4715 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Cyprinodontiformes Nothobranchiidae Nothobranchius Nothobranchius guentheri (Pfeffer, 1893) Suszec günthera Bunter Prachtgrundfisch Günthers Prachtgrundkärpfling Redtail notho Güntheri hiilgefundulus Kirjoviuhkapyrstö Notobrankh gyuntera 貢氏假鰓鮰 贡氏假鳃鮰 Adiniops guentheri (Pfeffer, 1893) Aphyosemion guentheri (Pfeffer, 1893) Fundulus guentheri Pfeffer, 1893 Fundulus orthonotus (non Peters, 1844) Fundulus taeniopygus (non Hilgendorf, 1891) Nothobranchius orthonotus (non Peters, 1844) Nothobranchius palmquisti (non Lönnberg, 1907) Notobranchius guentheri (Pfeffer, 1893) 1991-11-05 2020-07-15 Wheeler, A.0 Das grosse Buch der Fische. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co. Stuttgart. 356 p. (Ref. 557) Riehl, R. and H.A. Baensch0 Aquarien Atlas. Band. 1. Melle: Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Germany. 992 p. (Ref. 1672) Welcomme, R.L.0 International introductions of inland aquatic species. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 294. 318 p. (Ref. 1739) Maciolek, J.A.0 Exotic fishes in Hawaii and other islands of Oceania. p. 131-161. In W.R. Courtenay, Jr. and J.R. Stauffer, Jr. (eds.) Distribution, biology and management of exotic fishes. John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. (Ref. 1972) Post, A.0 Vergleichende Untersuchungen der Chromosomenzahlen bei Süßwasser-Teleosteern. Z. Zool. Syst. Evol.-Forsch. 3:47-93. (Ref. 2220) Lévêque, C.D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.)0 Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome 1. Coll. Faune Tropicale N° 28. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique et O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, France. 384 p. (Ref. 2703) Wildekamp, R.H., R. Romand and J.J. Scheel0 Cyprinodontidae. p. 165-276. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels, MRAC; Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3788) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) Eccles, D.H.0 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) Grabda, E. and T. Heese0 Polskie nazewnictwo popularne kraglouste i ryby. Cyclostomata et Pisces. Wyzsza Szkola Inzynierska w Koszalinie. Koszalin, Poland. 171 p. (in Polish). (Ref. 6313) Burton, J.0 Animals of the African Year: the ecology of East Africa. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York, USA. (Ref. 7062) Balon, E.K.0 Epigenesis of an epigeneticist: the development of some alternative concepts on the early ontogeny and evolution of fishes. Guelph Ichthyol. Rev. 1:1-48. (Ref. 7471) Gyldenholm, A.O. and J.J. Scheel0 Chromosome numbers of fishes. I. p. 90-97. In J.P. Wourms, D.E. Semler, J.V. Merriner et.al. Genetic studies of fish:II. MSS Information Corporation, New York. (Ref. 8938) Scheel, J.J.0 Rivulins of the old world. Trop. Fish Hobbyist Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey, USA. (Ref. 8951) Vasil'ev, V.P.0 Chromosome numbers in fish-like vertebrates and fish. J. Ichthyol. 20(3):1-38. (Ref. 8973) Anonymous0 Fish registrations within the museum database of the Vertebrate Section of the Royal Museum for Central Africa. MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium. (Ref. 12818) Riehl, R. and H.A. Baensch0 Aquarien Atlas, Band 1. 10th edition. Mergus Verlag GmBH, Melle, Germany. 992 p. (Ref. 13371) Huber, J.H.0 Killi-Data 1996. Updated checklist of taxonomic names, collecting localities and bibliographic references of oviparous Cyprinodont fishes (Atherinomorpha, Pisces). Société Française d'Ichtyologie, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, 399 p. (Ref. 27139) Ewulonu, U.K., R. Haas and B.J. Turner0 A multiple sex chromosome system in the annual killifish, <i>Nothobranchius guentheri</i>. Copeia 1985(2):503-508. (Ref. 29289) Scheel, J.J.0 Taxonomic studies of African and Asian toothcarps (Rivulinae) based on chromosome number, haemoglobin patterns, some morphological traits and crossing experiments. Vid. medd. Dansk naturhist foren Kbenh. 129:123-148. (Ref. 29753) Arkhipchuk, V.V.0 Chromosome database. Database of Dr. Victor Arkhipchuk. (Ref. 30184) Rass, T.S.0 Fish. Vol. 4, Life of animals. V.E. Sokolov (ed.), Moscow: Prosveschenie. 575p. (Ref. 30503) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Klinkhardt, M, M. Tesche and H. Greven0 Database of fish chromosomes. Westarp Wissenschaften. (Ref. 34370) Anonymous0 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). (Ref. 35508) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. (Ref. 40919) Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of December 2001. Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in December 2001. (Ref. 40966) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Bassleer, G.0 Color guide of tropical fish diseases: on freshwater fish. Bassleer Biofish, Westmeerbeek, Belgium. 272 p. (Ref. 41805) Able, K.W.0 Cyprinodontiformes: development. p. 362-368. In American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists. Ontogeny and systematics of fishes, based on an international symposium dedicated to the memory of E.H. Ahlstrom, 15-18 August 1983, La Jolla, California. Spec. Publ. Am. Soc. Ichthyol. Herpetol. (1):1-760. (Ref. 45896) Peters, N.0 Embryonale Anpassungen oviparer Zahnkarpfen aus periodisch austrocknenden Gewässern. Int. Rev. Gesamten Hydrobiol. 48(2):257-313. (Ref. 46008) Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Pihu, E.0 Loomade elu 4. köide. Kalad. Pihu, E. 1979. Loomade Elu, 4. Köide, Kalad. Valgus, Tallinn. (Ref. 105472) Costa, W.J.E.M.0 Taxonomic revision of the seasonal killifish genus <i>Nothobranchius</i> from Zanzibar, East Africa (Cyprinodontoidei: Aplocheilidae). J. Nat. Hist. 51(27/28):1-16. (Ref. 122075) Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante0 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106) Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868) FB-GeneralDescr-4715 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-11-05 00:00:00 2025-12-12 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4715 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Found in temporary pools, swamps, ditches and small streams (Ref. 3788). Used for biological control of mosquitos (Ref. 3788). One of the so called 'annual fishes' which has eggs that can withstand seasonal droughts (Ref. 1739). A bottom spawner, 3-4 months incubation. Quite popular with aquarists; difficult to maintain in an aquarium (Ref. 27139). Huber, J.H. 1996 Killi-Data 1996. Updated checklist of taxonomic names, collecting localities and bibliographic references of oviparous Cyprinodont fishes (Atherinomorpha, Pisces). Société Française d'Ichtyologie, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, 399 p. (Ref. 27139) FB-DiagnosticDescr-4715 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2020-07-09 00:00:00 2020-07-15 16:48:09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4715 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Diagnosis: It is distinguished from all congeners by the combination of the following character states: caudal fin red with black posterior margin in males; flank and fins without dark spots in females; pre-dorsal length in males 57.5-61.4% of standard length; 3 + 12-14 gill-rakers on first branchial arch; 27-28 scales in longitudinal series; 14 series of scales around caudal peduncle; single longitudinal row of scales between anterior supraorbital series of neuromasts; anterior supraorbital series of neuromasts arranged in two sections, anterior section with one well-developed neuromast, posterior with two; three neuromasts in posterior supraorbital series; 26-27 caudal-fin rays; 28 vertebrae; second proximal radial of dorsal fin between neural spines of 10th and 12th vertebrae (Ref. 122075).Description: Dorsal and ventral profiles slightly convex from snout to posterior end of dorsal- and anal-fin bases, nearly straight on caudal peduncle; body moderately deep, compressed; greatest body depth at vertical just behind pectoral-fin base (Ref. 122075). Jaws short, snout weakly pointed in lateral view; mouth superior, lower jaw slightly anterior to upper jaw; jaw teeth canine, numerous, irregularly arranged; outer teeth greater than internal teeth; vomerine teeth 7-9 (Ref. 122075). Branchiostegal rays 6; gillrakers of first branchial arch 3 + 12-14 (Ref. 122075). Basihyal sub-triangular, greatest width about 65% of length; basihyal cartilage about 85% of total length of basihyal (Ref. 122075). Dorsal and anal fins broad in males, sub-rectangular, extremity rounded, with short filamentous rays along distal margin; in females, dorsal fin rounded, anal fin sub-triangular and slightly longer than dorsal fin; caudal fin subtruncate, posterior margin slightly convex; pectoral fin sub-elliptical, posterior extremity between pelvic-fin base and anus; pelvic fin small, tip reaching between anus and anal-fin origin in males, reaching anus in females; pelvic-fin bases medially in close proximity; in males, rows of well-developed papillate contact organs along two-thirds of most rays of anal fin; dorsal-fin origin on vertical through anal-fin origin or slightly in front of it; dorsal-fin rays 15-16; anal-fin rays 15-16; caudal-fin rays 26-28; pectoral-fin rays 18-19; pelvic-fin rays 6 (Ref. 122075). Scales small, cycloid; body and head entirely scaled, except ventral surface of head; minute filamentous contact organs along posterior margin of scales on middle portion of flank and latero-ventral portion of head in males; body squamation extending over anterior 25% of caudal-fin base; no scales on dorsal- and anal-fin bases; frontal squamation irregularly arranged, with single longitudinal row between anterior supraorbital neuromast series; longitudinal series of scales 27-28; transverse series of scales 9; scale rows around caudal peduncle 14 (Ref. 122075). Anterior supraorbital series of neuromasts arranged in two sections, each in shallow depression, anterior section with one neuromast, posterior one with two neuromasts; posterior supraorbital series with three neuromasts placed in shallow depression; infraorbital series with 13-18 neuromasts, pre-opercular series 11-14, mandibular 8-13; one neuromast per scale of lateral line; two neuromasts on caudal-fin base (Ref. 12275). Total vertebrae 28; second proximal radial of dorsal fin between neural spines of 1Oth and 12th vertebrae in both sexes; first proximal radial of anal fin between pleural ribs of 11th and 13th vertebrae in males, between pleural ribs of 10th and 11th vertebrae in females; ventral process of post-temporal rudimentary or absent; hypurals completely fused, forming single hypural plate without vestige of median gap (Ref. 122075).Colouration: Colouration in life for males: flank light greenish blue anteriorly to light blue almost white; posterior margin of scales red to form red reticulate pattern, often inconspicuous in anterior portion of flank, gradually more pigmented posteriorly; red bars overlapping red reticulum between flank zone near pelvic fin and posterior part of caudal peduncle, anterior bars slightly curved, posterior bars approximately straight; dorsum pale brown, venter white; side of head light greenish blue; jaws, dorsal and ventral parts of head pale yellow; red pigmentation forming reticulate pattern on post-orbital region, overlapped by three distinctive oblique, short red bars; iris light blue; dorsal fin light blue, with red dots, vermiculate marks and short bars irregularly arranged; black pigmentation concentrated on distal portion of fin; distal filaments white; anal fin pale greenish or orangish yellow, basal portion bluish white, with red dots, vermiculate marks and short bars irregularly arranged; distal filaments pale yellow; caudal fin dense vivid red, posterior margin black; pectoral fin yellowish hyaline, with bluish white distal margin, wider dorsally; pelvic fin pale yellow or red with yellow distal portion (Ref. 122075). Colouration in life for females: flank pale brown, posterior border of scales pale greenish blue; dorsum pale brown, venter white; head pale brown, opercular region pale greenish blue; iris bluish white; fins hyaline (Ref. 122075). Costa, W.J.E.M. 2017 Taxonomic revision of the seasonal killifish genus <i>Nothobranchius</i> from Zanzibar, East Africa (Cyprinodontoidei: Aplocheilidae). J. Nat. Hist. 51(27/28):1-16. (Ref. 122075) FB-Morphology-4715 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2020-07-09 00:00:00 2020-07-15 16:48:09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4715 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 15 - 16; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 15 - 16; Vertebrae: 28 Costa, W.J.E.M. 2017 Taxonomic revision of the seasonal killifish genus <i>Nothobranchius</i> from Zanzibar, East Africa (Cyprinodontoidei: Aplocheilidae). J. Nat. Hist. 51(27/28):1-16. (Ref. 122075) FB-Distribution-4715 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-11-05 00:00:00 2020-07-15 17:26:52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4715 Africa: endemic to Unguja Island, Zanzibar archipelago, eastern Tanzania (Ref. 122075). Costa, W.J.E.M. 2017 Taxonomic revision of the seasonal killifish genus <i>Nothobranchius</i> from Zanzibar, East Africa (Cyprinodontoidei: Aplocheilidae). J. Nat. Hist. 51(27/28):1-16. (Ref. 122075) FB-Uses-4715 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-11-05 00:00:00 2025-12-12 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4715 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size fisheries: of no interest; aquarium: commercial Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) FB-LifeCycle-4715 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-11-05 00:00:00 2025-12-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=4715&StockCode=4936 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Thrives in seasonal rainwater pools. Spawns throughout the short breeding period until the pool dries up and all fish die except their drought-resistant eggs. Eggs go through a dry period of many weeks. When rain comes and pool fills, most of the eggs begin to develop and hatch within hours. Fry grow very fast. In only 6 to 8 weeks they are sexually mature and start breeding (Ref. 7062). In aquaria, males showed aggressive behavior toward each other. Females were being pushed down to the substratum by the males as a prelude to spawning. Balon, E.K. 1990 Epigenesis of an epigeneticist: the development of some alternative concepts on the early ontogeny and evolution of fishes. Guelph Ichthyol. Rev. 1:1-48. (Ref. 7471) FB-TrophicStrategy-4715 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2020-07-15 17:32:56 2020-07-15 17:32:56 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public guentheri http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Found in temporary pools, swamps, ditches and small streams (Ref. 3788). Wildekamp, R.H., R. Romand and J.J. Scheel 1986 Cyprinodontidae. p. 165-276. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels, MRAC; Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3788) FB-Size-4715 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-11-05 00:00:00 2025-12-12 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4715 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution 3.5 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 122075)); 3.19 cm SL (female) Costa, W.J.E.M. 2017 Taxonomic revision of the seasonal killifish genus <i>Nothobranchius</i> from Zanzibar, East Africa (Cyprinodontoidei: Aplocheilidae). J. Nat. Hist. 51(27/28):1-16. (Ref. 122075) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-4715-733 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-09-05 00:00:00 2003-09-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=4715&StockCode=4936 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Bacterial Infections (general). Bacterial diseases Bassleer, G. 1997 Color guide of tropical fish diseases: on freshwater fish. Bassleer Biofish, Westmeerbeek, Belgium. 272 p. (Ref. 41805) FB-Diseases-4715-29 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-09-05 00:00:00 2003-09-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=4715&StockCode=4936 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Costia Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Bassleer, G. 1997 Color guide of tropical fish diseases: on freshwater fish. Bassleer Biofish, Westmeerbeek, Belgium. 272 p. (Ref. 41805) FB-Habitat-4715 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-11-05 00:00:00 2025-12-12 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4715 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat benthopelagic; non-migratory (Ref. 126106); freshwater; pH range: 6.0 - 7.0; dH range: 4 - 10 Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante 2022 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106)