FB-433 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=433 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Eupercaria/misc Sciaenidae Pseudotolithus Pseudotolithus elongatus (Bowdich, 1825) Korwin kapitanski Corvina Corvina-branca Corvina-do-Senegal Guemba Rainha Rainha-senegal Capitan Captainfish Cassava croaker Ladyfish Senegali kaptenkala Ekã Ekan Notsa Bar Otolithe nain Otolithe sénégalais duadetjo Nkan Sosoé Sosoè kondounké Kassavakväkare Feute Fëtt Tuunuun Corvina casava Caparatte Cassava Ekan Ekanye Likalala Melusa Notsa Senegalska grba Simola Tabassewo 塞內加爾擬牙 塞内加尔拟牙 Cynoscion senegalla (non Cuvier, 1830) Otolithus macroganathus (Bleeker, 1863) Otolithus macrognathus (Bleeker, 1863) Otolithus senegalensis Valenciennes, 1833 Pseudotolithus macrognathus Bleeker, 1863 Sciaena dux Bowdich, 1825 Sciaena senegalensis (Valenciennes, 1833) 1990-10-17 2024-01-22 Longhurst, A.R.0 The bionomics of the fisheries resources of the eastern tropical Atlantic. Fish. Publ. Colon. Off., Lond., 20:66 p. 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Pauly0 A preliminary global assessment of the status of exploited marine fish and invertebrate populations. A report prepared by the Sea Around Us for OCEANA. The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, p. 64. (Ref. 118628) Froese, R., N. Demirel, G. Coro and H. Winker0 User Guide for CMSY++. GEOMAR, Germany, 17 p. (Ref. 124174) Sadio, O., F. Le Loc'h, M. Simier and L. Tito de Morais0 Length-weight relationships of 20 fish species from the Sine Saloum estuary, Senegal, West Africa. Cybium 45(2):155-158. (Ref. 126428) Marčeta, B. and K. Pliberšek (eds)0 BiosWeb. Biological database of the Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520) Kwei, E.A. and D.W. Ofori-Adu0 Fishes in the coastal waters of Ghana. Comm. 2. Tema-Ghana. 124p. (Ref. 130891) FB-pic-432-10195 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1993-07-01 1997-05-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=432 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Pssen_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Pssen_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-432 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2019-10-23 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=432 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Found in coastal waters over muddy, sandy or rocky bottoms. Smaller individuals found in shallow waters, but rarely entering estuaries. Feed on fish (fry of the long-finned herring in Ref. 114789), shrimps and crabs (Ref. 28587). Spawn from November to March in waters of 22 to 25°C in the Gulf of Guinea. Most economically important demersal fish in West African waters. Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas 1990 Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593) FB-DiagnosticDescr-432 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-02-08 00:00:00 2017-10-30 20:22:43 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=432 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Diagnosis: large fish, elongate and compressed (Ref. 57396). Eyes small (Ref. 57396, 81656), 5.7-6.4 times in HL, but this character is difficult to use for identification because of allometry (Ref. 81656). Snout short; mouth large and oblique; lower jaw prominent; both jaws with bands of villiform teeth (upper jaw with teeth in outer row larger and sharper, including a pair of large median canines, lower jaw with teeth in inner row larger and sharper); 6 pores on chin and 5 marginal pores on snout (Ref. 57396). 9-12/1/4-6 (total 12-18) gill rakers on 1st gill arch; gill rakers short, about as long as gill filament at angle between lower and upper part of gill arch (Ref. 81656). Dorsal fin long and deeply notched (Ref. 57396), with 10 spines in the first part and 1 spine and 28-33 soft fin rays in second part (Ref. 81656). Second anal fin spine rather short and slender, attaining about 2/3 of the length of 1st soft ray and comprised over 3 times in head length; caudal fin pointed; scales weakly ctenoid on body, cycloid on snout and suborbital region; lateral line extending to end of caudal fin; swim bladder carrot-shaped, its front end with a pair of appendices subdividing into an anterior group of short branches and 2 posterior groups of long, slender tubules, one of them ventral, the other dorso-lateral and longer, bordering the bladder throughout its length (Ref. 57396).Coloration: silvery grey, with series of small dark spots following scale rows, oblique on anterior part of back and sides, horizontal posteriorly; black spot at tip of spinous part of dorsal fin; pelvics and anal fin more or less dark yellowish; caudal fin dark; inside of gill cover black (Ref. 57396). Bauchot, M.-L. 2003 Sciaenidae. p. 504-511 In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douce et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Tome 2. Coll. Faune et Flore tropicales 40. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Museum National d'Histoire Naturalle, Paris, France and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. 815 p. (Ref. 57396) FB-Morphology-432 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-02-08 00:00:00 2017-10-30 20:22:43 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=432 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Dorsal spines (total): 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 28 - 33; Anal spines: 2; Analsoft rays: 7 Bauchot, M.-L. 2003 Sciaenidae. p. 504-511 In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douce et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Tome 2. Coll. Faune et Flore tropicales 40. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Museum National d'Histoire Naturalle, Paris, France and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. 815 p. (Ref. 57396) FB-Distribution-432 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2019-10-23 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=432 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Eastern Atlantic: west coast of Africa, from Morocco to Angola, but rare north of Senegal (Ref. 57396). Also reported from Namibia (Ref. 3593). Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas 1990 Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593) FB-Uses-432 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2019-10-23 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=432 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes; price category: high; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) FB-TrophicStrategy-432 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-09-16 00:00:00 2015-03-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public senegalensis http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Feeds on fish, shrimps and crabs (Ref. 28587). Diouf, P.S. 1996 Les peuplements de poissons des milieux estuariens de l'Afrique de l'Ouest: L'exemple de l'estuaire hyperhalin du Sine-Saloum. Université de Montpellier II. Thèses et Documents Microfiches No.156. ORSTOM, Paris. 267 p. (Ref. 28587) FB-Size-432 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2019-10-23 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=432 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution 114 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 40637)); max. published weight: 12.0 kg (Ref. 40637) IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637) IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-432 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2019-10-23 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=432 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle demersal; marine; depth range 0 - 70 m (Ref. 3593) Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas 1990 Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593)