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	<dc:identifier>FB-166</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=166</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Eupercaria/misc</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Lutjanidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Lutjanus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Lutjanus monostigma (Cuvier, 1828)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Samoa-snapper</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Golden snapper</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Mizenko's snapper</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Samoan snapper</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Vivaneau de Samoa</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Pargo de Samoa</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>萨摩亚笛鲷</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>薩摩亞笛鯛</commonName>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2018-05-11</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='92-5-102321-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=55&amp;speccode=165'>Allen, G.R.0 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)</reference>
	<reference isbn='92-5-103623-3.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=171&amp;speccode=165'>Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter0 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=165'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=469&amp;speccode=165'>Allen, G.R. and J.H. Talbot0 Review of the snappers of the genus &lt;i&gt;Lutjanus&lt;/i&gt; (Pisces Lutjanidae) from the Indo-Pacific with the description of a new species. Indo-Pac. Fish. (11):87. (Ref. 469)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=165'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=165'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1-881173-54-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41464&amp;speccode=165'>Allen, G.R.0 Reef fishes of Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. In T. Werner and G. Allen (eds). A rapid biodiversity assessment of the coral reefs of Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. RAP Working Papers 11, Conservation International, Washington, D.C. (Ref. 41464)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=47567&amp;speccode=165'>Allen, G.R. and M. Adrim0 Coral reef fishes of Indonesia. Zool. Stud. 42(1):1-72. (Ref. 47567)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=48635&amp;speccode=165'>Kuiter, R.H. and T. Tonozuka0 Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Part 1. Eels- Snappers, Muraenidae - Lutjanidae. Zoonetics, Australia. 1-302. (Ref. 48635)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51471&amp;speccode=165'>Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=165'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='9780987260000' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90102&amp;speccode=165'>Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann0 Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai'i Press, Volumes I-III. Tropical Reef Research. (Ref. 90102)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=101194&amp;speccode=165'>Patzner, R.A.0 Reproductive strategies of fish. pp. 311-350.  In  Rocha, M.J., A. Arukwe and B.G. Kapoor (eds). Fish reproduction: cytology, biology and ecology. Science Publisher, Inc. Oxford. 631 p. (Ref. 101194)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1849954984' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128868&amp;speccode=165'>Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. 	Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1995-09-24</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2010-07-09</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=165</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
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	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-165</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-05-15 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=165</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Adults inhabit offshore reefs.  Also deep coastal muddy reef slopes with reef outcrops and often on shipwrecks in depth over 20 m.  Seen singly or in small aggregations (Ref. 48635).  Occasionally seen at depths of 10-20 m (Ref. 90102).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='92-5-102321-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=55&amp;speccode=165'>Allen, G.R. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-165</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-05-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Appears bright yellow underwater (Ref. 48635).  Dorsal profile of head gently sloped.  Preorbital bone narrower than eye diameter.  Preopercular notch and knob poorly developed.  Scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line.  Back and sides reddish, grading to pink; the ventral portion of the head and body white; a series of faint, yellow horizontal lines on the sides; fins whitish or yellow.  Juveniles are relatively slender and similar in shape to L. vitta (Ref. 48635).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=469&amp;speccode=165'>Allen, G.R. and J.H. Talbot 1985 Review of the snappers of the genus &lt;i&gt;Lutjanus&lt;/i&gt; (Pisces Lutjanidae) from the Indo-Pacific with the description of a new species. Indo-Pac. Fish. (11):87. (Ref. 469)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-165</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-05-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13;  Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=469&amp;speccode=165'>Allen, G.R. and J.H. Talbot 1985 Review of the snappers of the genus &lt;i&gt;Lutjanus&lt;/i&gt; (Pisces Lutjanidae) from the Indo-Pacific with the description of a new species. Indo-Pac. Fish. (11):87. (Ref. 469)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-165</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology</subject>
	<dc:description>Western Pacific:  known only from Samoa and Indonesia (Sulawesi).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='92-5-102321-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=55&amp;speccode=165'>Allen, G.R. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-165</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-05-15 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<dc:description>fisheries: minor commercial; price category: high; price reliability: questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this genus</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<reference isbn='92-5-103623-3.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=171&amp;speccode=165'>Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-165</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=165</dc:source>
	<dc:description>32.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 48635))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=48635&amp;speccode=165'>Kuiter, R.H. and T. Tonozuka 2001 Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Part 1. Eels- Snappers, Muraenidae - Lutjanidae. Zoonetics, Australia. 1-302. (Ref. 48635)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-165</dc:identifier>
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	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>reef-associated; marine; depth range 10 - 150 m (Ref. 55), usually 10 - 20 m (Ref. 90102)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='92-5-102321-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=55&amp;speccode=165'>Allen, G.R. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)</reference>
	<reference isbn='9780987260000' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90102&amp;speccode=165'>Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann 2012 Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai'i Press, Volumes I-III. Tropical Reef Research. (Ref. 90102)</reference></dataObject>
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