分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; pH range: 7.2 - 8.0; dH range: 10 - 25. 溫帶; 8°C - 22°C (Ref. 12468); 50°N - 43°N, 15°E - 40°E
Europe: Northern Black Sea basin from Danube (up to Vienna) to Kuban drainages; Caspian basin (Volga and Ural drainages).
歐洲: 到窩瓦河與烏拉山脈的河多瑙河。 在伯恩公約的附錄 3 中 (受保育的動物群).
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 25.0, range 20 - 30 cm
Max length : 40.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 59043); 最大年龄: 12 年 (Ref. 59043)
简单描述
型态特徵 | 形态测量图
Distinguished uniquely from congeners in Europe by the absence of canine teeth. Differs further by the combination of the following characters: second dorsal fin with 19-21½ branched rays; 70-83 scales on lateral line; and cheek scaled (Ref. 59043).
Inhabits large, turbid rivers and lakes, and brackish coastal lakes and estuaries. Most active at dusk and dawn. Feeds on small fish and invertebrates. Larvae and juveniles are pelagic and feed on zooplankton. Attains first sexual maturity at 3-4 years of age and 20-30 cm SL. Spawns in April-May. May undertake short spawning migrations (Ref. 59043).
栖息于河。 也发现于在河口附近的半淡咸水。 较小的鱼捕食附着于河床的甲壳动物。 较大的鱼吃鱼苗的鱼群而且吃小的栖木， 鲈［河鲈］［Perca fluviatilis］与 ruffe ， 梅花鲈［Gymnocephalus cernuus］ ,.(参考文献 9696)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Individual females spawn 2-3 portions of eggs. May undertake short spawning migrations. Males are territorial. They excavate shallow depressions in sand or gravel, or exposed plant roots where eggs are deposited, usually along shallow shores at 1-2 m depth (Ref. 59043).歐洲: 到窩瓦河與烏拉山脈的河多瑙河。 在伯恩公約的附錄 3 中 (受保育的動物群).
Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
更多信息
年龄范围成长体长-体重体长-体长体长-频率形态测量图型态特徵仔鱼稚鱼动力学入添量丰度BRUVS
参考文献养殖养殖信息品种遗传学Electrophoreses遗传率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.声音神经毒速度泳型鳃区Otoliths脑重体重比眼睛色素
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00339 - 0.02042), b=3.09 (2.89 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.66 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
