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Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758)

Blue shark
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Prionace glauca   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (tubarões e raias) (sharks and rays) > Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks) > Carcharhinidae (Requiem sharks)
Etymology: Prionace: prion (Gr.), saw; akis (Gr.), point or barb, referring to serrated (saw-like) cusps on teeth of upper jaw. (See ETYFish);  glauca: Latin for bluish green or gray (i.e., sea-colored), referring to its color (blue above, whitish below). (See ETYFish).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas; estuarina; oceanódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 0 - 1082 m (Ref. 89422), usually 1 - 220 m (Ref. 55193). Subtropical; 7°C - 21°C (Ref. 244); 70°N - 55°S, 180°W - 180°E

Distribuição Países | Áreas FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

Circumglobal in temperate and tropical waters. Western Atlantic: Newfoundland, Canada to Argentina. Central Atlantic. Eastern Atlantic: Norway to South Africa, including the Mediterranean. Indo-West Pacific: East Africa to Indonesia, Japan, Australia, New Caledonia, and New Zealand. Eastern Pacific: Gulf of Alaska to Chile. Probably the widest ranging chondrichthyian. Highly migratory species.

Length at first maturity / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: Lm 199.1, range 170 - 221 cm
Max length : 400 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 35388); common length : 335 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 5217); peso máx. Publicado: 205.9 kg (Ref. 40637); Idade máx. registada: 20 anos (Ref. 27347)

Descrição breve Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 0; Espinhos anais: 0. A slim, graceful blue shark with a long, conical snout, large eyes, and curved triangular upper teeth with saw edges; pectorals long and narrow; no interdorsal ridge (Ref. 5578). Dark blue dorsally, bright blue on the sides, white ventrally (Ref. 5578). Tips of pectoral fins and anal fin dusky (Ref. 9997). The first case of diprosopus tetrophthalmus (cranofacial duplication) in a foetus of this species was reported from South Atlantic (Ref. 119190).

Biologia     Glossário (ex. epibenthic)

Oceanic, but may be found close inshore where the continental shelf is narrow (Ref. 6871, 58302). Usually found to at least 150 m (Ref. 26938). Maximum size from Ref. 128029. Reported from estuaries (Ref. 26340). Epipelagic, occasionally occurs in littoral areas (Ref. 58302). Feeds on fishes (herring, silver hake, white hake, red hake, cod, haddock, pollock, mackerel, butterfish, sea raven and flounders (Ref. 5951)), small sharks, squids, pelagic red crabs, cetacean carrion, occasional sea birds and garbage (Ref. 5578). Viviparous (Ref. 50449). Sexual dimorphism occurs in skin thickness of maturing and adult females (Ref. 49562). May travel considerable distances (one specimen tagged in New Zealand was recaptured 1,200 km off the coast of Chile) (Ref. 26346). Potentially dangerous to humans (Ref. 6871, 13513). Marketed fresh, dried or salted, and frozen; meat utilized for consumption, hides for leather and fins for soup (Ref. 9987). Sexually mature at 250 cm long and 4-5 years old. The female gives birth up to 80 young measuring 40 cm long, gestation lasts almost a year (Ref. 35388). Produces from 4 to 135 young a litter (Ref. 26938). Minimum depth from Ref. 125614.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Viviparous (Ref. 26281), placental (Ref. 50449); 4-63 young in a litter (Ref. 9997); 4-135 (usually 15-30) pups (Ref.58048), about 35-44 cm at birth. Gestation period ranges from 9 to 12 months (Ref. 244). Sexual dimorphism is evident in skin thickness of maturing and adult females (Ref. 49562). Females have thicker skin layer than males of the same size (Ref. 49562).

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador : Compagno, Leonard J.V. | Colaboradores

Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)

Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  Quase ameaçada (NT) (A2bd); Date assessed: 06 November 2018

CITES


Ameaça para o homem

  Traumatogenic (Ref. 4690)





Utilização humana

Pescarias: pouco comercial; peixe desportivo: sim
FAO - pescarias: landings, perfil da espécie; Publication: search | FIRMS - Stock assessments | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Mais informação

Life cycle
Reprodução
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Larvas
Dinâmica larvar
Anatomy
Gill areas
Cérebros
Outras referências
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Tipo de natação
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Sons de peixes
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
Genética
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Perfis para aquacultura
Estirpes
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
Colaboradores
References
Referências

Ferramentas

Relatórios especiais

Descarregue XML

Fontes da internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Consultar FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Género, Espécies | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | FAO - pescarias: landings, perfil da espécie; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genoma, nucleotídeo | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Bases de dados nacionais | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Árvore da vida | Wikipedia: ir para, procurar | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Registo zoológico

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 5.9 - 25.2, mean 14.8 °C (based on 1945 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 1.0000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00371 - 0.00538), b=3.10 (3.05 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278):  4.4   ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 8.5 (7.3 - 9.2) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 25 growth studies.
Resiliência (Ref. 120179):  Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (rm=0.031; K=0.16; tm=6; tmax=20; Fec=4-135).
Prior r = 0.19, 95% CL = 0.12 - 0.28, Based on 9 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High to very high vulnerability (73 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  High vulnerability (57 of 100).
Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766):   Medium.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 7.26 [1.20, 39.50] mg/100g; Iron = 0.69 [0.17, 2.12] mg/100g; Protein = 22.1 [19.8, 24.2] %; Omega3 = 0.337 [0.134, 0.841] g/100g; Selenium = 15.4 [5.5, 45.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.1 [1.9, 18.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.232 [0.129, 0.610] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.