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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Labridae (Wrasses)
Etymology: Symphodus: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري مرتبطة بالشعاب; غير مهاجرة, usually 1 - 30 m (Ref. 35388). Temperate; 63°N - 28°N, 32°W - 25°E
Eastern Atlantic: Norway to Morocco and the Azores. Also known from the western Mediterranean and Adriatic seas.
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm 8.5, range 7 - 10 cm
Max length : 28.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 4742); common length : 20.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 4742); العمر: 9 سنين (Ref. 4742)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع): 14 - 17; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع): 8-10; شوكة شرجية 3; أشعه شرجية لينه: 8 - 11. A few cephalic pores (7-12) on snout. Lips with 5-7 folds. Scales on temporo-occipital surface 3-5 rows; on inter-operculum 2-3 (6-13) scales; on cheek 4-7; behind eye 1. A small dark spot on caudal peduncle. Often 5 large brown blotches near dorsal fin. Females and young: with numerous spots on body more or less longitudinally lined, some sinuous lines on head (Ref. 231). Coloration very variable; ground color of the male is greenish or blue while females are brownish to yellowish (Ref. 35388).
This schooling, territorial fish occurs in the littoral zone, near rocks and eel-grass beds, also in lagoons. In summer ripe females show short ovipositor. Seaweed nest built by male among rocks or in crevices. Sex reversal sometimes observed. Feed on mollusks, hydroids, bryozoans, worms and various crustaceans (Ref. 4742). Males grow faster than females (Ref. 4742). Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
Sex reversal sometimes observed. Seaweed nest built by male among rocks or in crevices (Ref. 4742). Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
Quignard, J.-P. and A. Pras, 1986. Labridae. p. 919-942. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4742)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: مصائد تستهلك محلينا; لعبة سمكه: نعم; حوض مائي: احواض مائية عامة
مزيد من المعلومات
مراجعالأستزراع المائيملف الأستزراع المائيسلالاتجينيElectrophoresesالتوريثالأمراضمعالجةNutrientsMass conversion
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 8.8 - 17.2, mean 10.5 °C (based on 514 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00572 - 0.01326), b=3.10 (2.98 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (K=0.21-0.41; tm=2-3; tmax=9).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 19.5 [8.0, 34.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.208 [0.114, 0.446] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [15.8, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.366 [0.197, 0.695] g/100g; Selenium = 6.08 [2.79, 13.51] μg/100g; VitaminA = 78.2 [19.8, 379.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.715 [0.465, 1.300] mg/100g (wet weight);
