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Carangiformes (Jacks) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Trachinotinae
Etymology: Trachinotus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek,noton = back (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
समुद्री; खारा; गहराई सीमा 50 - 200 m (Ref. 27000). Subtropical; 66°N - 13°S, 19°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay, British and Scandinavian waters (rare vagrant) to Angola, including the Mediterranean Sea and offshore islands.
आकार / वज़न / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 57392); common length : 35.0 cm NG पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 26999); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 2.8 kg (Ref. 27584)
पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण): 7; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण): 23-27; गुदा कांटा 3; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 22 - 25. Diagnosis: body moderately long (its depth 2.6-3.5 times in fork length) (Ref. 57392, 81654) and compressed (Ref. 57392). Upper jaw very narrow at posterior end and extending only to below anterior third of eye; 22-32 gill rakers on lower limb of first gill arch (Ref. 57392). Tongue with small band of teeth (Ref. 81654). 2 dorsal fins, 1st with 6 spines, 2nd with 1 spine and 23-27 soft rays; anal fin with 2 detached spines followed by 1 spine and 22-25 soft rays (Ref. 57392, 81654). Lobes of soft dorsal and anal fins small (Ref. 57392), dorsal fin lobe 3.9-5.6 times in fork length (Ref. 81654). Length of second dorsal fin base equal to length of anal fin base (Ref. 35388). 2nd dorsal-fin lobe and pectoral fins shorter than head; scales small, cycloid, partially embedded in skin; lateral line very slightly arched over pectoral fins, straight thereafter, and without scutes (Ref. 57392). 3-5 black spots along anterior half of lateral line(Ref. 35388, 57392, 81654).
Coloration: back greenish-grey, sides silvery with 3-5 vertically elongate black spots on anterior half of lateral line; dorsal-, anal- and caudal-fin lobes black-tipped (Ref. 57392).
Adults are moderately common in shallow water in areas of surge. Found in clear waters (Ref. 27584), over sand or mud bottoms (Ref. 27000, 57392). Occasionally enters lagoons and river estuaries (Ref. 57392). Form schools (Ref. 27584, 57392). Small specimens are regularly caught at night from steep rocky shores. Adults feed on small crustaceans, mollusks and fishes (Ref. 4233). Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 4233).
Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1986. Carangidae. p. 815-844. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. vol. 2. (Ref. 4233)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
मात्स्यिकी: लघु वाणिज्य; जलीयकृषि: व्यापारिक; आखेट मत्स्य: हां
अधिक जानकारी
संदर्भजलीयकृषिजलीयकृषि रूपरेखाखींचआनुवंशिकीElectrophoresesहैरेटिबिलटीबीमारीप्रक्रमणNutrientsMass conversion
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 9.8 - 17.3, mean 13.9 °C (based on 181 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01072 (0.00688 - 0.01668), b=2.91 (2.78 - 3.04), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.58 se; based on food items.
लौटाव (Ref.
120179): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.85, Based on 1 stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 70.6 [42.5, 151.8] mg/100g; Iron = 1.64 [0.98, 3.00] mg/100g; Protein = 19.9 [17.9, 22.0] %; Omega3 = 0.444 [0.285, 0.726] g/100g; Selenium = 25.1 [14.2, 43.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.1 [4.3, 35.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.739 [0.525, 1.025] mg/100g (wet weight);
