Environment: milieu / climate zone / djupintervall / distribution range
Ekologi
marina revassocierade; ej vandrande; djupintervall 1 - 119 m (Ref. 27665). Tropical
Eastern Central Pacific: restricted to the Hawaiian Islands.
Size / Vikt / Age
Könsmognad: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 14.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 3921)
Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Nocturnal, under ledges or in caves by day (Ref. 9710).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
Mouthbrooders (Ref. 240). Distinct pairing during courtship and spawning (Ref. 205).
Randall, J.E., 1985. Guide to Hawaiian reef fishes. Harrowood Books, Newtown Square, PA 19073, USA. 74 p. (Ref. 3921)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15.6 - 25, mean 20.3 °C (based on 2 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00509 - 0.02362), b=3.09 (2.91 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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