| Main Ref. | Bradbury, M.G., 1999 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral | short and / or deep |
| Cross section | flattened |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
Relatively short skull, length 24.2% of SL versus up to at least 26% in other species. Extremely thick and leathery skin, studded with small tubercles over entire body. Principal tubercles of ventral surface of tail very stout but relatively short. Fin-rays without tubercles. Pectoral and pelvic fins both relatively short, broad, the covering skin extremely fleshy, with thick membranes. Cephalic lateral-line counts: subopercular 5; preopercular 2. Tail lateral-line counts 11 (Ref. 40826). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total | 18 - 19 |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total | 56 |
| Adipose fin |
| Attributes |
| Fins number | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total | 4 - 4 |
| Pectoral | Attributes |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays 13 - 15 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes |
| Position | |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays |