Epipelagic (Ref. 58426). Occurs in open ocean and lakes and migrates up to coastal streams to spawn (Ref. 86798). There are two forms, the anadromous form known as the sockeye and the landlocked form (with a much smaller maximum size) known as the kokanee (Ref. 27547). Upon emergence from gravel, fry at first tends to avoid light, hiding during the day and emerging at night (Ref. 27547). In some populations, sockeye fry go to the sea during their first summer but most spend one or two (rarely three or four) years in a lake before migrating (Ref. 30333). In a few streams of the Copper River drainage in Alaska, young sockeye stay in the stream (Ref. 27547). Once in the lake, the young spend a few weeks inshore, feeding largely on ostracods, cladocerans and insect larvae. The fish then become pelagic and move offshore, where they feed on plankton in the upper 20 m or so (Ref. 27547). Seaward migration follows with the young individuals first staying fairly close to shore, feeding mainly on zooplankton, but also on small fishes and insects (Ref. 30343, 30346). With growth, they head out to sea and fish become important in the diet (Ref. 27547). Kokanee are confined to lake-stream systems, and most of its life is spent in the lake (Ref. 27547). They feed mainly on plankton, but also take insects and bottom organisms (Ref. 1998). Kokanee, wherever they are native, have been derived from anadromous populations, and each kokanee population apparently has evolved independently from a particular sockeye run (Ref. 30338, 30339). Offspring of kokanee occasionally become anadromous, and sockeye offspring occasionally remain in freshwater (Ref. 27547). Lifespan of the kokanee varies from two to seven years in different stocks (Ref. 27547). The sockeye is one of the most commercially important Pacific salmons; the kokanee is primarily a sport fish but also makes excellent food and in some areas well regarded as food for large trout (Ref. 27547). Marketed fresh, dried or salted, smoked, canned, and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, broiled, microwaved, and baked (Ref. 9988).
有两个形式，即是已知的如 kokanee 的红鳟鱼与陆封的形式 (具有一个较小最大体长) 的溯河洄游产卵的形式。 (参考文献 27547) 在来自砾石的出现之上，鱼苗起先倾向避开光, 藏在白天期间而且出现在晚上.(参考文献 27547) 在一些族群，红鳟鱼鱼苗在他们的第一的夏天期间去到海洋，但是大部分在移动之前在一个湖中度过一或二 (很少地三或四) 数年。 (参考文献 30333) 在阿拉斯加州的铜河流域的一些溪流，幼鱼红鳟鱼停留在水流中。 (参考文献 27547) 一旦在湖，幼鱼度过一些星期沿海地区, 主要吃介形虫，水蚤与昆虫幼生。 鱼然后变成大洋性而且移动外海, 在哪里它们在上面的 20 公尺左右中吃浮游生物.(参考文献 27547) 临海的迁移追从而幼鱼个体第一个停留相当接近海岸,主要捕食浮游动物, 也捕食小鱼与昆虫.(参考文献 30343,30346) 随着成长, 他们头部向外到海洋与鱼在食性中变成很重要.(参考文献 27547) Kokanee 被局限于湖泊与河川流域，而且它生命期的大部份在湖被花费。 (参考文献 27547) 他们主要捕食浮游生物, 但也吃昆虫与底部生物.(参考文献 1998) Kokanee, 无论他们在何处原生的, 曾经从溯河洄游产卵的族群衍生了, 与每 kokanee 族群已经显然地独立地从一个特别的红鳟鱼小水流进化.(参考文献 30338,30339) kokanee 的子孙偶然地变成溯河洄游产卵，而且红鳟鱼子孙偶然地逗留在淡水。 (参考文献 27547) kokanee 的寿命在不同的品系中从二到七年改变。 (参考文献 27547) 红鳟鱼是最商业重要太平洋的鲑鱼之一; kokanee 主要地是一个垂钓用鱼也对于大的鳟鱼可以用作优良的食物与在一些地区视为良好的食物.(参考文献 27547) 在市场上销售新鲜的，乾燥或盐腌, 烟熏,, 装于罐头与冷冻; 清蒸,油炸,火烤, 微波了, 而且烧烤了.(参考文献 9988) 这种的阿拉斯加州鲑鱼渔场已经被检定藉由海洋的总管职务会议 (http:// www.msc.org/) 当管理良好且族群能维持。
Preferred temperature (参考文献
123201): 1 - 8.4, mean 4.2 °C (based on 374 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00488 - 0.02245), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 3.5 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.37-0.58; tm=2-4; tmax=7; Fec=300).
Prior r = 0.50, 95% CL = 0.33 - 0.76, Based on 5 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 24.7 [6.9, 74.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.554 [0.235, 1.400] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [17.9, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 1.94 [0.87, 4.43] g/100g; Selenium = 80.4 [22.8, 318.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.13 [2.62, 33.21] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.472 [0.271, 0.940] mg/100g (wet weight);
