Elasmobranchii
板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) >
Rhinopristiformes (Shovelnose rays) >
Pristidae (Sawfishes)
鋸鰩科 (Sawfishes)
Etymology: Anoxypristis: Greek, ana = up + Greek, oxy = sharp, pointed + Greek, pristis = saw (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 底中水層性; 非產卵性溯降河的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 40 m (Ref. 9859), usually ? - 40 m (Ref. 55270). 熱帶; 43°N - 20°S, 30°E - 160°E (Ref. 114953)
Indo-West Pacific: widespread, Red Sea to eastern Australia, north to Japan.
印度-西太平洋: 紅海與波斯灣到新幾內亞, 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲北部.(參考文獻 9859) 從前常見於中西太平洋, 顯然地衰退在一些地區.(參考文獻 47737)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 264.0, range 246 - 282 cm
Max length : 470 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9859)
Greyish above, pale below; fins usually pale. Body shark-like, pectoral fins distinct; head flattened, with a blade-like snout bearing 18-22 pairs of lateral teeth; blade slender, not tapering distally. Nostrils very narrow with small nasal flaps. Rostral teeth short, flattened, broadly triangular, lacking a groove along posterior margins; no teeth on basal quarter of blade. Adults with widely spaced denticles, young with naked skin.
背面略灰色的, 腹面灰白的; 鰭通常灰白的。 身體像鯊魚一樣的, 胸鰭明顯的; 平的頭部, 具有一個生長著 18-22個對側齒的刀劍狀的吻; 葉片細長的, 末梢不尖的。 鼻孔非常狹窄的有小鼻蓋。 嘴的齒短,平的, 寬廣三角形, 沒有凹槽沿著後緣; 沒有牙齒在葉片的基部。 成魚有空隙大的細齒, 幼魚有裸露的皮膚。
Found inshore, often in river deltas and estuaries; penetration well up rivers needs confirmation (Ref. 9859). Common in sheltered bays with sandy bottoms. More active swimmer than other sawfishes (Ref. 114953). Feeds on small fish, cuttlefish (Ref. 9859) and small benthic invertebrates such as prawns (Ref. 114953). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Most fecund sawfish, reported to reach sexual maturity at 2-3 years (Ref. 114953). Females have litters of approximately 12 pups (Ref. 114953). Generally harmless but its saw-like snout may cause serious injury when caught: it is known thrash violently and vigorously (Ref. 9859). Caught for its flesh and liver (which is rich in oil) in some parts of Asia (Ref. 6871). Maximum lengths of up to 610 cm TL are based on unconfirmed reports (Ref. 9859).
發現於岸邊了, 常見於河三角州與河口中; 向上侵入到河需要證實。 (參考文獻 9859) 常見於掩蔽的海灣且底部為沙地的地方。 吃小魚與墨魚。 (參考文獻 9859) 卵胎生的.(參考文獻 50449) 通常無害處的但是它的像鋸子一樣吻可能引起，嚴重的傷害當被捕捉時: 它是已知的打擊猛烈的與強有力地.(參考文獻 9859) 在亞洲的一些部份中因為它的肉與肝臟 (是豐富的在油) 而捕捉了。 (參考文獻 6871) 達到 610 公分TL 的最大長度是以未被證實的報告為依據.(參考文獻 9859)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Ovoviviparous. Litter size from 6 to 23, young born in the spring (Ref. 9859).印度-西太平洋: 紅海與波斯灣到新幾內亞, 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲北部.(參考文獻 9859) 從前常見於中西太平洋, 顯然地衰退在一些地區.(參考文獻 47737)
Mould, B., 1994. A world list of rays. The scientific nomenclature and distribution of the recent Batoidea (Batoidea, Elasmobranchii, Chondrichthyes). University of Nottingham, [UK]. 82 p. (Ref. 8630)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
極危 (CR) (A2cd); Date assessed: 29 March 2022
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.6 - 29.1, mean 28.2 °C (based on 1982 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00501 (0.00198 - 0.01270), b=3.05 (2.83 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.62 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
