分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Trachichthyiformes (Roughies)
金眼鯛目 (Roughies) >
Monocentridae (Pinecone fishes)
松毬魚科 (Pinecone fishes)
Etymology: Monocentris: Greek, monos = one + Greek, kentron = sting (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 1 - 300 m (Ref. 127470). 熱帶
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea, Reunion, Madagascar, and South Africa; north to Japan, Taiwan, China, New Caledonia (including Chesterfield Islands), south to Australia;
印度-西太平洋: 紅海與南非 (參考文獻 6620) 與模里西斯 (參考文獻 9710) 到日本南部 (參考文獻 559) ，蘇門答臘西南部到巴釐海峽, 在印尼，阿拉弗拉海 (參考文獻 9819) 的帝汶海, 達爾溫到澳洲西北角與從紐西蘭.(參考文獻 5755)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 17.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3131); common length : 12.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5978)
背棘 (總數): 5 - 7; 背的軟條 (總數): 10-12; 臀鰭軟條: 9 - 11; 脊椎骨: 25 - 26. The species is distinguished from its congeners by the following characters: lateral-line scales 13 - 17; scale rows below lateral line 11-14, modally 11-12; three scale rows below lateral line 8; total gill rakers 16-20; small scales between fourth scale row below lateral line and abdominal scutes, its posterior tip not reaching second postpelvic scute; no teeth on vomer; mouth large, reaching vertical through posterior margin of eye (Ref. 127470).
身體除了尾柄覆蓋著極大又固定的鱗片。 側線鱗片呈現但是沒有開口。 背鰭棘大的, 沒有薄膜。 腹鰭棘大的, 有鎖定的機制。 臀鰭沒有棘。 身體黃色, 鱗片有黑邊; 下頜黑色。 頦部兩邊的有一對發光器。
Found in the sublittoral zone (Ref. 11230), under ledges and caves of rocky reefs (Ref. 9710). Forms schools (Ref. 6620). Adults are found between 20 and 200 m depth, juveniles occasionally in shallower water (Ref. 9650). Regularly displayed in public aquaria.
發現於岩礁的亞潮帶 (參考文獻 11230) ，岩架下與洞穴了。 (參考文獻 9710) 形成魚群。 (參考文獻 6620) 成魚在 20 與 200 公尺深之間被發現, 稚魚偶見於較淺的水域。 (參考文獻 9650) 經常地在公眾的水族館中顯示了。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-西太平洋: 紅海與南非 (參考文獻 6620) 與模里西斯 (參考文獻 9710) 到日本南部 (參考文獻 559) ，蘇門答臘西南部到巴釐海峽, 在印尼，阿拉弗拉海 (參考文獻 9819) 的帝汶海, 達爾溫到澳洲西北角與從紐西蘭.(參考文獻 5755)
Su, Y., H.-C. Lin and H.-C. Ho, 2022. A new cryptic species of the pineapple fish genus Monocentris (Family Monocentridae) from the western Pacific Ocean, with redescription of M. japonica (Houttuyn, 1782). Zootaxa 5189(1):180-203. (Ref. 127470)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 22 December 2019
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15.9 - 28.2, mean 25.4 °C (based on 1404 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6875 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01995 (0.00906 - 0.04395), b=3.01 (2.83 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 44.2 [20.0, 179.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.52 [0.25, 1.12] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [16.2, 19.1] %; Omega3 = 0.146 [0.061, 0.366] g/100g; Selenium = 35.9 [17.9, 77.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 121 [30, 508] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.28 [0.81, 1.94] mg/100g (wet weight);
