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Perciformes/Notothenioidei (Icefishes) >
Nototheniidae (Cod icefishes) > Nototheniinae
Etymology: Lepidonotothen: Greek, lepis = scale + Greek, noton = back + Greek, adverbial particle, then, that denotes distance or remova (Ref. 45335); squamifrons: squamifrons from Latin squama scale, plus frons, frontis forehead for its full upper head cover of small scales (Ref. 11892).
More on author: Günther.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas bentopelágico; intervalo de profundidade 10 - 900 m (Ref. 11892), usually 195 - 312 m (Ref. 11892). Temperate; 45°S - 79°S, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 5179)
Southern Ocean: South Georgia Island and Bouvet Island. Also known from sub-Antarctic islands and Antarctic Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm 27.3, range 19 - 36 cm
Max length : 55.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 5179); common length : 35.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 2121); idade máx. registrada: 19 anos (Ref. 5789)
Espinhos dorsais (total): 4 - 5; Raios dorsais (total): 36-37; Raios anais : 29 - 33. Body with 8 or 9 long dusky crossbars, cheek with two oblique dark stripes. First dorsal fin blackish (Ref. 11892).
Feeds chiefly on macrozooplankton (mainly crustaceans, cnidarians and salps) and midwater fishes.
Dewitt, H.H., P.C. Heemstra and O. Gon, 1990. Nototheniidae. p. 279-331. In O. Gon and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Fishes of the Southern Ocean. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 5179)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)
Ameaça para os humanos
Harmless
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: pouco comercial
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
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Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1.3 - 2.8, mean 1.7 °C (based on 21 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00468 (0.00393 - 0.00556), b=3.24 (3.19 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.52 se; based on food items.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (K=0.08-0.12; tm=7-9; tmax=19; Fec = >10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (55 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 18.9 [11.9, 33.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.274 [0.173, 0.456] mg/100g; Protein = 15.9 [13.4, 18.6] %; Omega3 = 0.661 [0.365, 1.167] g/100g; Selenium = 22.1 [11.0, 43.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 32.9 [10.7, 107.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.549 [0.402, 0.742] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
